Hybrid computational pregnant female phantom construction for radiation dosimetry applications

Abstract

The number of patients undergoing diagnostic radiology and radiation therapy procedures has increased drastically owing to improvements in cancer diagnosis and treatment and, consequently, patient survival. However, the risk of the occurrence of secondary malignancies due to radiation exposure remains a matter of concern. There are concerns about the fetus's health when pregnant women are exposed to and/or treated with ionizing radiation at various stages of pregnancy. We previously published three hybrid computational fetus phantoms, which contained 27 fetal organs, as a beginning point for developing the whole hybrid computational pregnant phantom set, which is the second objective of this study. An ICRP reference female voxel model was converted to a non-uniform rational basis spline (NURBS) surface model in order to construct a hybrid computational female phantom as a pregnant mother to each fetus model. Both the fetal and maternal organs were matched with ICRP-89 reference data. In order to create a complete standard pregnant computational phantom set at 20, 30, and 35 weeks of pregnancy, the model mother’s reproductive organs were removed, and the fetus phantoms with appropriate placental and uterine models were added female pelvis using a 3D-modeling software. With the aid of radiological image sets that had been initially used to construct the fetus models, each fetus’ position and rotation inside the uterus were carefully adjusted to represent the real fetal locations inside the uterus. The resulting fetus phantom was positioned in the appropriate location, matching the original radiological image sets. An obstetrician-gynecologist reviewed the complete internal anatomy of all fetus phantoms and the pregnant female for accuracy, and suggested changes were implemented as needed. This new set of hybrid computational pregnant phantom models has realistic anatomical details that can help evaluate fetal radiation doses where realistic fetal computational human phantoms are needed.

Design and implementation of fine-grained realistic 3D virtual simulation experiment

“…In February 2022, the Ministry of Natural Resources issued the Notice on Comprehensively Promoting the Construction of Realistic 3D China, which marked that the construction of realistic 3D has become a new positioning and demand for the surveying and mapping industry to serve economic and social development and ecological civilization construction [1][2][3]. With the dramatic increase in demand for the acquisition of spatial big data of geographic information, the application of lowaltitude data collection by drones is becoming more and more widespread, and the aerial survey system has become an important tool for intelligent perception of the three-dimensional world in surveying and mapping geographic information [4].…”