Hybrid Architectures from 3D Aligned Arrays of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes and Nanoparticulate LiCoPO₄: Synthesis, Properties and Evaluation of Their Electrochemical Performance as Cathode Materials in Lithium Ion Batteries

Abstract

Hybrid materials composed of LiMPO 4 (M = Fe or Co) with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) were synthesized by tethering lithium phosphoolevins on isolated stochastically disordered MWCNTs as well as on ordered 3D MWCNT arrays via solution based impregnation routes. Ordered 3D arrays of MWCNT monoliths comprising MWCNTs with nominal tube diameters of 60 and 200 nm were synthesized by a catalyst free, template based method, with porous aluminum oxide (PAOX) acting as a template. Consecutive selective etching processes gave free standing aligned 3D carbon nanotube (CNT) architectures that were used as supporting cathode structures for electroactive LiCoPO 4 . LiCoPO 4 nanoparticle suspensions derived from an ethanol based organic phos-

Advances in Lithium-Ion Battery Technology Based on Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes for Electrochemical Energy Storage

“…Li-ion extraction within the ordered 3D CNT/LiCoPO 4 composites seems to be a two-step process and the Li intercalation a one-step process, highlighting the enhanced kinetics of the Li insertion process in the 3D CNT/LiCoPO 4 composite in comparison with the isolated LiCoPO 4 phosphoolivine phase. The electrochemical measurements demonstrated the good electrochemical stability of the ordered 3D CNT/LiCoPO 4 composites during cycling [75]. A composite cathode consisting of MnO 2 /CNT (75:5) synthesized by a soft template approach has been employed for LIBs.…”

A Review: Carbon Additives in LiMnPO4- and LiCoO2-Based Cathode Composites for Lithium Ion Batteries

“…[20,27]. Various carbonaceous materials have been studied to make a composite of carbon and LiMnPO 4 : carbon black [14,15,36,37,39,50,65,71,73,75], carbon nanotubes (CNT) [76][77][78][79][80][81] and graphene [82][83][84][85]. Bakenov et al studied three different types of nanosized carbon black in composites prepared by wet ball milling.…”

Nanoarchitectured Array Electrodes for Rechargeable Lithium‐ and Sodium‐Ion Batteries

“…Typical vapor‐phase synthesis methods include CVD, ALD and thermal evaporation. Using AAO membrane as a template, a CNT array electrode is obtained by a one‐step CVD process and coaxial C‐Si‐C nanotube array electrode is realized by a three‐step CVD process . ALD is also a versatile method to deposit nanoarrays with homogeneous or heterogeneous structures, such as SnO 2 , TiO 2 , and SnO 2 ‐TiO 2 nanotube array electrodes …”