“…The original idea has since been diversified/utilized to resolve a much wider category of problems and several algorithms have been suggested, drawing on various aspects of the behavior of ants. Interesting routing protocols [Arjunan and Sujatha, 2018, Guleria and Verma, 2019, Jain and Pathak, 2019, Kaur and Kumar, 2020, Kurian et al, 2021, Ibrahim and Ahmed, 2021, Sefati et al, 2021, Praveen and Kumanan, 2021, Raj and Murmu, 2021] have adopted the utilization of ACO algorithm. However, these proposals concentrate only on energy efficiency and ignore the any aspect on reliability before and after failures.…”