Hyaluronan Oligosaccharides Induce Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 via Transcriptional Activation of NFκB and p38 MAP Kinase in Articular Chondrocytes

Abstract

Hyaluronan exerts a variety of biological effects on cells including changes in cell migration, proliferation, and matrix metabolism. However, the signaling pathways associated with the action of hyaluronan on cells have not been clearly defined. In some cells, signaling is induced by the loss of cell-hyaluronan interactions. The goal of this study was to use hyaluronan oligosaccharides as a molecular tool to explore the effects of changes in cell-hyaluronan interactions and determine the underlying molecular events that become activated. In this study, hyaluronan oligosaccharides induced the loss of extracellular matrix proteoglycan and collagen from cultured slices of normal adult human articular cartilage. This loss was coincident with an increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13. MMP-13 expression was also induced in articular chondrocytes by hyaluronan (HA) hexasaccharides but not by HA tetrasaccharides nor high molecular weight hyaluronan. MMP-13 promoterreporter constructs in CD44-null COS-7 cells revealed that both CD44-dependent and CD44-independent events mediate the induction of MMP-13 by hyaluronan oligosaccharides. Electromobility gel shift assays demonstrated the activation of chondrocyte NFB by hyaluronan oligosaccharides. NFB activation was also documented in C-28/I2 immortalized human chondrocytes by luciferase promoter assays and phosphorylation of IKK-␣/␤. The link between activation of NFB and MMP-13 induction by HA oligosaccharides was further confirmed through the use of the NFB inhibitor helenalin. Inhibition of MAP kinases also demonstrated the involvement of p38 MAP kinase in the hyaluronan oligosaccharide induction of MMP-13. Our findings suggest that hyaluronan-CD44 interactions affect matrix metabolism via activation of NFB and p38 MAP kinase.In many tissues cell-matrix interactions serve to regulate cellular homeostasis (1, 2). Interference with these associations typically signal cells to initiate matrix repair, cell proliferation, or even cell migration. Such interactions are especially important in tissues such as articular cartilage, a tissue rich in extracellular matrix but with limited vascular access for systemic control of homeostasis. Chondrocytes are thus highly dependent on cell-matrix interactions as a primary means to "sense" changes in the extracellular environment (3). Most investigations in this area focus on cell signaling induced through the interaction of integrin receptors with collagens, fibronectin, laminin, matrilins, etc.(3-7). However, cell-matrix interactions involving hyaluronan (HA), 2 once thought to be predominately structural in nature, are now beginning to receive increasing attention as initiators of cell signaling.HA is a high molecular weight polysaccharide consisting of repeating disaccharide units glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine (8). In cartilage and many other connective tissues, HA serves as a central filamentous scaffold to which proteoglycans such as aggrecan and link protein become bound (9). This complex matrix networ...

Caesalpinia sappan extract inhibits IL1β-mediated overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases in human chondrocytes

“…Mengshol et al have assessed the role of NF-kB in MMP-13 transcription in chondrocytes and found that, besides JNK and p38, NF-kB signaling is required for the IL1b-mediated induction of MMP-13 (Mengshol et al 2000). Although the promoter of MMP-13 does not contain consensus NF-kB binding sites (Burrage et al 2006), the link between NF-kB activation and MMP-13 induction has been further demonstrated in a previous study on the effect of hyaluronan oligosaccharides in articular chondrocytes (Ohno et al 2006). We show here that, indeed, NF-kB p65/p50 overexpression leads to MMP-13 promoter transactivation and that CSE suppresses the p65/p50-driven MMP-13 promoter activation, thereby suggesting that CSE's MMP-inhibitory actions are related to its blockade of the NF-kB signaling.…”

Leptin induces migration and invasion of glioma cells through MMP‐13 production

“…Furthermore, inhibition of NF-κB p65 pathways by PDTC, TPCK and Bay 11-7082 also reversed the leptin-induced increase of MMP-13 production. MMP-13 expression is also reported to be induced via NF-κB activation in chondrocytes (Liacini et al 2003;Ohno et al 2006). Since Morash et al (2000) reported that C6 glioma cells do not express long form of leptin receptor (ObRl), all the signal transduction observed in this study is due to the activation of short form of leptin receptor (ObRt).…”

“…Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) is one of the transcription factors which can drive MMP-13 expression (Liacini et al 2003;Ohno et al 2006). Here we further examined whether NF-κB is involved in the action of leptin.…”

4-Methylumbelliferone Diminishes Catabolically Activated Articular Chondrocytes and Cartilage Explants via a Mechanism Independent of Hyaluronan Inhibition

“…Streptomyces hyaluronidase (H1136) was purchased from Sigma. Pharmaceutical grade high molecular mass HA (ARTZ) was a gift from Seikagaku Co. Hyaluronan oligosaccharides were generated from human rooster comb hyaluronan (Sigma), as described previously (27).Specific antibodies used for analysis were goat anti-AD-AMTS4 (sc-16533, clone K-20, lot I2010; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), rabbit anti-MMP13 (sc-30073, clone H-230, lot F1312; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), rabbit anti-TSG6 (sc-30140, clone FL-277, lot C0112; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), rabbit affinitypurified anti-CD44 cytoplasmic tail antisera (1:5,000) (46), and ␤-actin (A1978, clone AC-15, lot 065M4837V; Sigma). The following antibodies were all obtained from Cell Signaling Technology: mouse anti-Myc (catalog no.…”