Hyaluronan (HA) fragments induce chemokine gene expression in alveolar macrophages. The role of HA size and CD44.

McKee, Charlotte M.; Penno, Margaret B.; Cowman, Mary K.; Burdick, Marie D.; Strieter, Robert M.; Bao, Clare; Noble, Paul W.

doi:10.1172/jci119054

Cited by 732 publications

(580 citation statements)

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“…Cell stimulation by anti-CD44 antibodies or natural CD44 ligands transmits the signal into the cells, leading to the activation of T cells and the release of cytokines or chemokines from monocytes and RA synovial fibroblasts (38,39). In addition, there is evidence that the IM7 antibody induces some cellular responses via CD44 (40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of interleukin‐1β‐stimulated production of matrix metalloproteinases by hyaluronan via CD44 in human articular cartilage

Julovi

Yasuda

Shimizu

et al. 2004

Arthritis & Rheumatism

153

122

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Objective. To investigate the mechanism of the inhibitory action of hyaluronan (HA) on interleukin-1␤ (IL-1␤)-stimulated production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in human articular cartilage.Methods. IL-1␤ was added to normal and osteoarthritic (OA) human articular cartilage in explant culture to stimulate MMP production. Articular cartilage was incubated or preincubated with a clinically used form of 800-kd HA to assess its effect on IL-1␤-induced MMPs. Levels of secreted MMPs 1, 3, and 13 in conditioned media were detected by immunoblotting; intracellular MMP synthesis in chondrocytes was evaluated by immunofluorescence microscopy. Penetration of HA into cartilage tissue and its binding to CD44 were analyzed by fluorescence microscopy using fluoresceinated HA. Blocking experiments with anti-CD44 antibody were performed to investigate the mechanism of action of HA.Results. Treatment and pretreatment with 800-kd HA at 1 mg/ml resulted in significant suppression of IL-1␤-stimulated production of MMPs 1, 3, and 13 in normal and OA cartilage explant culture. Fluorescence histocytochemistry revealed that HA penetrated cartilage tissue and localized in the pericellular matrix around chondrocytes. HA-binding blocking experiments using anti-CD44 antibody demonstrated that the association of HA with chondrocytes was mediated by CD44. Preincubation with anti-CD44 antibody, which suppressed IL-1␤-stimulated MMPs, reversed the inhibitory effect of HA on MMP production that was induced by IL-1␤ in normal and OA cartilage.Conclusion. This study demonstrates that HA effectively inhibits IL-1␤-stimulated production of MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13, which supports the clinical use of HA in the treatment of OA. The action of HA on IL-1␤ may involve direct interaction between HA and CD44 on chondrocytes.Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent disease of articular joints and is the major cause of disability in the elderly. Pathophysiologic changes occur in OA cartilage due to the excessive expression of cartilagedegrading proteinases, the resultant progressive breakdown of collagen fibers, and the degradation of proteoglycan, mainly aggrecan (1).Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinccontaining, calcium-dependent proteinases, which collectively degrade all components of the extracellular matrix. MMPs are considered to be important in the chondrolytic processes that contribute to the degenerative changes in OA cartilage (2-4). Recent studies have identified the messenger RNA (mRNA) for some MMPs, such as MMP-1, in human OA cartilage (4,5), and other investigators have reported specific MMP proteins and collagenasemediated type II collagen degradation products (6,7). There is a consensus that these enzymes play a critical role in intrinsic chondrocyte-mediated degenerative changes of the cartilage matrix in OA. Proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) strongly stimulate the expression of MMPs by chondrocytes in arthritis (8).Hyaluronan (HA) is a major component of synovial fluid and cartilage matrix, and it play...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of interleukin‐1β‐stimulated production of matrix metalloproteinases by hyaluronan via CD44 in human articular cartilage

Julovi

Yasuda

Shimizu

et al. 2004

Arthritis & Rheumatism

153

122

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“…This increase in low molecular mass HA leads to a reduction in viscosity of the synovial fluid. Furthermore, various functions of low molecular mass HA have been reported, particularly with regard to the inflammatory process (26,27). The HA receptor CD44 is responsible for endocytosis-mediated catabolism of HA; however, other mechanisms of signal transduction exerted by HA via CD44 have not yet been clarified in chondrocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyaluronan oligosaccharide–induced activation of transcription factors in bovine articular chondrocytes

Ohno¹,

Im²,

Knudson³

et al. 2005

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Objective. To document the activity profile of transcription factors following chondrocyte stimulation with hyaluronan (HA) hexasaccharides (HA 6 ) and to determine the expression of genes whose transcriptional activation is tightly associated with the transcription factors.Methods. Nuclear extracts from bovine articular chondrocytes treated with HA 6 were subjected to transcription factor protein-DNA array analysis. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) analyses were performed to confirm the results of protein-DNA array. The gene expressions of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3), type II collagen, and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) were examined by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and protease activity was assessed by casein zymography.Results. In the protein-DNA array analysis, 12 transcription factors were up-regulated and 2 transcription factors were down-regulated in the chondrocytes treated with HA 6 . The transcription factors retinoic acid receptor (RAR), retinoid X receptor (RXR), and Sp-1 exhibited >2-fold increased activity by HA 6 treatment, as confirmed by EMSA. RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression levels of MMP-3, type II collagen, and COMP messenger RNA, which are tightly associated with the activation of RAR, RXR, or Sp-1, were upregulated by treatment with HA 6 . Addition of high molecular mass HA after HA 6 treatment resulted in abrogation of the MMP-3 induction. Conclusion.These results suggest that HA 6 increase the activity of multiple transcription factors in chondrocytes and signal the enhanced expression of key genes involved in cartilage-matrix remodeling and turnover. The data also demonstrate that high molecular mass HA has a potential to suppress the signaling activated by HA 6 .The glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan (HA) is a critical component of the extracellular matrix of articular cartilage. HA serves as a scaffold for the aggregation of cartilage proteoglycan (1) and, in this manner, forms a continuum of structure throughout the extracellular matrix. In addition, we have shown that HA facilitates the anchorage of these proteoglycan aggregates to the chondrocyte cell surface via its interaction with the membrane HA receptor CD44 (2-4). Thus, it is, in part, the interaction of chondrocytes directly with HA that constitutes the cell-matrix interaction that serves to regulate many aspects of chondrocyte metabolism (5). We have shown previously that one method of interference with the cell-matrix interactions of chondrocytes is through the use of excess small HA oligosaccharides, such as HA hexasaccharides (HA 6 ) (2,4,6). HA 6 compete with high molecular mass HA for CD44 binding; yet, they are too small in size to interfere with HA aggrecan or HA-link protein interactions (1,7,8).The consequences of this loss of cell-matrix interactions can be dramatic. In a previous study, we demonstrated that the addition of small HA oligosaccharides to human or bovine articular cartilage slices resulted in the apparent activation o...

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“…Expression of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, MIP-1beta, cytokine responsive gene-2 (CXCL-10), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), as well as IL-8 can be downregulated by blocking of CD44 by antibodies in macrophages [86].…”

Section: Physiological Function In Cells Of Hematopoietic Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD44 in hematological neoplasias

2011

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Hyaluronan (HA) fragments induce chemokine gene expression in alveolar macrophages. The role of HA size and CD44.

Cited by 732 publications

References 62 publications

Inhibition of interleukin‐1β‐stimulated production of matrix metalloproteinases by hyaluronan via CD44 in human articular cartilage

Inhibition of interleukin‐1β‐stimulated production of matrix metalloproteinases by hyaluronan via CD44 in human articular cartilage

Hyaluronan oligosaccharide–induced activation of transcription factors in bovine articular chondrocytes

CD44 in hematological neoplasias

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