Hyaluronan as a Promising Biomarker for Myocardial Damage

Savaş, Göktuğ; Kalay, Nihat; Altın, Pınar; Çetin, Murat; Aytekin, Metin

doi:10.1620/tjem.248.99

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This may indicate that alteration of regional endothelial shear stress and eroded plaques independently influenced the systemic change in HA levels in STEMI patients. Nevertheless, another study found that the plasma level of HA was significant higher in acute myocardial infarction group than normal, which was on contrary to our result (29). It is worth noting that we only examined the HA of which molecular size was larger than 35 kDa due to the limitation of ELISA kit.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Plasma Hyaluronan Level and Plaque Types in ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients

Tan

Sheng

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The metabolism of hyaluronan (HA) is widely known to be involved in the process of acute coronary syndrome, but it is unknown how circulating HA levels change in ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) patients and whether HA is associated with plaque morphology, including rupture and erosion.Objectives: This study focused on the changes in the plasma levels of high molecular weight (HMW) HA (>35 kDa) and CD44 in STEMI patients and their relationship with plaque morphology evaluated by optical coherence tomography (OCT).Methods: We prospectively enrolled 3 cohorts in this study, including 162 patients with STEMI, 34 patients with stable coronary artery disease (S-CAD) and 50 healthy controls. Plaque morphology was detected by OCT analysis, and the plasma levels of HMW HA and CD44 were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We compared plasma level of HMW HA and CD44 among STEMI patients, S-CAD patients and healthy controls, as well as in plaque rupture and plaque erosion.Results: The plasma levels of HMW HA and CD44 were significantly lower in STEMI patients than in healthy controls (p = 0.009 and p < 0.001, respectively). In addition, plasma level of HMW HA in plaque erosion was significantly lower than that in plaque rupture (p = 0.021), whereas no differences were found in plasma level of soluble CD44 between plaque rupture and erosion.Conclusions: Low levels of circulating HMW HA and CD44 were independently correlated with STEMI, and low levels of HMW HA were associated with plaque erosion compared with rupture. Moreover, plasma HMW HA might be a useful biomarker for identifying plaque erosion to improve the risk stratification and management of STEMI patients.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Plasma Hyaluronan Level and Plaque Types in ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients

Tan

Sheng

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another component of ECM—hyaluronan—serves as a promising biomarker for myocardial damage among patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In 56 patients plasma levels of hyaluronan were significantly elevated 30 day after AMI ( 53 ). Both fibronectin and hyaluronan were linked to cardiac allograft rejection as demonstrated in heart allografts in rats.…”

Section: Tlr Ligandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Intriguing Role of TLR Accessory Molecules in Cardiovascular Health and Disease

Bezhaeva

Karper²,

Quax

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Activation of Toll like receptors (TLR) plays an important role in cardiovascular disease development, progression and outcomes. Complex TLR mediated signaling affects vascular and cardiac function including tissue remodeling and repair. Being central components of both innate and adaptive arms of the immune system, TLRs interact as pattern recognition receptors with a series of exogenous ligands and endogenous molecules or so-called danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that are released upon tissue injury and cellular stress. Besides immune cells, a number of structural cells within the cardiovascular system, including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts and cardiac myocytes express TLRs and are able to release or sense DAMPs. Local activation of TLR-mediated signaling cascade induces cardiovascular tissue repair but in a presence of constant stimuli can overshoot and cause chronic inflammation and tissue damage. TLR accessory molecules are essential in guiding and dampening these responses toward an adequate reaction. Furthermore, accessory molecules assure specific and exclusive TLR-mediated signal transduction for distinct cells and pathways involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Although much has been learned about TLRs activation in cardiovascular remodeling, the exact role of TLR accessory molecules is not entirely understood. Deeper understanding of the role of TLR accessory molecules in cardiovascular system may open therapeutic avenues aiming at manipulation of inflammatory response in cardiovascular disease. The present review outlines accessory molecules for membrane TLRs that are involved in cardiovascular disease progression. We first summarize the up-to-date knowledge on TLR signaling focusing on membrane TLRs and their ligands that play a key role in cardiovascular system. We then survey the current evidence of the contribution of TLRs accessory molecules in vascular and cardiac remodeling including myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, atherosclerosis, vein graft disease and arterio-venous fistula failure.

show abstract

“…The results in these different models indicate that HA has an essential role in cardiac repair following MI and IRI and, although it can act as a ligand for TLR2 and TLR4, questions its role as a detrimental DAMP. A recently published clinical study showed that the plasma HA levels are significantly increased in patients with acute MI and indicate that it has the potential to serve as a biomarker of myocardial damage but failed to establish a causal role between HA upregulation and cardiac damage (45).…”

Section: Hyaluronic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Myocardial Infarction and Heart Transplantation: The Road to Translational Success

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the setting of myocardial infarction (MI), ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) occurs due to occlusion (ischemia) and subsequent re-establishment of blood flow (reperfusion) of a coronary artery. A similar phenomenon is observed in heart transplantation (HTx) when, after cold storage, the donor heart is connected to the recipient’s circulation. Although reperfusion is essential for the survival of cardiomyocytes, it paradoxically leads to additional myocardial damage in experimental MI and HTx models. Damage (or danger)-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous molecules released after cellular damage or stress such as myocardial IRI. DAMPs activate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), and set in motion a complex signaling cascade resulting in the release of cytokines and a profound inflammatory reaction. This inflammatory response is thought to function as a double-edged sword. Although it enables removal of cell debris and promotes wound healing, DAMP mediated signalling can also exacerbate the inflammatory state in a disproportional matter, thereby leading to additional tissue damage. Upon MI, this leads to expansion of the infarcted area and deterioration of cardiac function in preclinical models. Eventually this culminates in adverse myocardial remodeling; a process that leads to increased myocardial fibrosis, gradual further loss of cardiomyocytes, left ventricular dilation and heart failure. Upon HTx, DAMPs aggravate ischemic damage, which results in more pronounced reperfusion injury that impacts cardiac function and increases the occurrence of primary graft dysfunction and graft rejection via cytokine release, cardiac edema, enhanced myocardial/endothelial damage and allograft fibrosis. Therapies targeting DAMPs or PRRs have predominantly been investigated in experimental models and are potentially cardioprotective. To date, however, none of these interventions have reached the clinical arena. In this review we summarize the current evidence of involvement of DAMPs and PRRs in the inflammatory response after MI and HTx. Furthermore, we will discuss various current therapeutic approaches targeting this complex interplay and provide possible reasons why clinical translation still fails.

show abstract

Hyaluronan as a Promising Biomarker for Myocardial Damage

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

The Association Between Plasma Hyaluronan Level and Plaque Types in ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients

The Association Between Plasma Hyaluronan Level and Plaque Types in ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients

The Intriguing Role of TLR Accessory Molecules in Cardiovascular Health and Disease

Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Myocardial Infarction and Heart Transplantation: The Road to Translational Success

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About