Hyaluronan: A constitutive regulator of chemoresistance and malignancy in cancer cells

Toole, Bryan P.; Slomiany, Mark G.

doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2008.03.009

Cited by 194 publications

(173 citation statements)

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“…Hyaluronan (HA) is bound by a number of ECM and cell surface proteins and is a particularly important component of the ECM [1][2][3][4][5] .HA is involved in moderating many cellular processes, including proliferation, migration, adhesion and apoptosis [6][7][8][9][10][11]. Large molecular mass fragments of HA are involved in space-filling and immunosuppressive roles, whilst smaller HA fragments have been shown to be pro-inflammatory and angiogenic; oligosaccharides may be involved in cell signalling (reviewed in [12]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-electron oxidation and reduction of glycosaminoglycan chloramides: A kinetic study

Sibanda

Parsons

Houée-Levin⊥

et al. 2013

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

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Hypochlorous acid and its acid-base counterpart, hypochlorite ions, produced in inflammatory conditions, may produce chloramides of glycosaminoglycans, the latter being significant components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). This may occur through the binding of myeloperoxidase directly to the glycosaminoglycans.The N-Cl group in the chloramides is a potential selective target for both reducing and oxidising radicals, leading possibly to more efficient and damaging fragmentation of these biopolymers relative to the parent glycosaminoglycans. In this study,the fast reaction techniques of pulse radiolysis and nanosecond laser flash photolysis have been used to generate both oxidizing and reducing radicals to react with the chloramides of hyaluronan (HACl) and heparin (HepCl).The strong reducing formate radicals and hydrated electrons were found to react rapidly with both HACl and HepCl with rate constants of (1-1.7) x 10 8 M -1 s -1 and (0.7-1.2) x 10 8 M -1 s -1 for formate radicals and 2.2 x 10 9 M -1 s and 7.2 x 10 8 M -1 s -1 for hydrated electrons, respectively. The spectral characteristics of the products of these reactions were identical and were consistent with initial attack at the N-Cl groups, followed by elimination of chloride ions to produce nitrogencentred radicals, which re-arrange subsequently and rapidly to produce C-2 radicals on the glucosamine moiety supporting an earlier EPR study by Rees et 3 This is the first study therefore to conclusively demonstrate that reducing radicals react rapidly with glycosaminoglycan chloramides in a site-specific attack at the N-Cl groups, probably to produce a 100 % efficient biopolymer fragmentation process. Although less reactive, carbonate radicals, which may be produced in vivo via reactions of peroxynitrite with serum levels of carbon dioxide ,also appear to react in a highly site-specific manner at the N-Cl group. It is not yet known if such site-specific attacks by this important in vivo species lead to a more efficient fragmentation of the biopolymers than would be expected for attack by the stronger oxidising species, the hydroxyl radical. It is clear however that the N-Cl group formed in inflammatory conditions in the extracellular matrix does present a more likely target for both reactive oxygen species and for reducing species than the N-H groups in the parent glycosaminoglycans. Graphical abstract4

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-electron oxidation and reduction of glycosaminoglycan chloramides: A kinetic study

Sibanda

Parsons

Houée-Levin⊥

et al. 2013

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

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“…In particular, the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan, one of the key components of the vertebrate extracellular matrix, is essential in dynamic cellular systems such as the developing embryo (Camenish et al, 2000;Toole, 2001;Ori et al, 2006;Li et al, 2007;Matsumoto et al 2009;Tammi et al, 2011), tissue wound repair and regeneration (Jiang et al, 2007;Contreras et al, 2009), inflammation processes (Hascall et al, 2004;Jiang et al, 2011), and tumorigenesis (Toole and Slomiany, 2008;Misra et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyaluronan is required for cranial neural crest cells migration and craniofacial development

Casini

Nardi

Ori

2011

Developmental Dynamics

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Background: Hyaluronan is a crucial glycosaminoglycan of the vertebrate embryonic extracellular matrix able to influence cell behaviour, both by assembling the pericellular matrices and by activating signal transducing receptors such as CD44. Results: We showed that the hyaluronan synthases, Has1 and Has2, and CD44 display a dynamic expression pattern during cranial neural crest cells (NCC) development. By knocking down Has1 and Has2 gene functions, we revealed that hyaluronan synthesized by Has1 and Has2 is necessary for the proper development of the visceral skeleton. Conclusions: The data suggest that hyaluronan helps to maintain the active migratory behaviour of cranial NCC, and that its presence around pre-chondrogenic NCC is crucial for their survival. CD44 knock down also suggests that the role of hyaluronan in cranial NCC migration could be mediated, at least in part, by the activation of CD44. These findings contribute to the unveiling of the functional relation between NCC and their extracellular environment during craniofacial development. Developmental Dynamics 241:294-302, 2012. V C 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Key words: hyaluronan; neural crest cell; craniofacial development; Has1; Has2; CD44; extracellular matrix; Xenopus Key findings:Cranial NCC migrate throughout a hyaluronan rich extracellular matrix Hyaluronan synthases 1 and 2 activity is necessary to maintain the migratory behaviour of cranial NCC After NCC migration, the presence of Hyaluronan in the extracellular matrix is necessary for the survival of pre-chondrogenic cranial NCC. CD44, a Hyaluronan receptor, is required for cranial NCC migration but not for their survival. In Xenopus, the craniofacial skeleton formation is deeply influenced by the composition of the extracellular matrix during cranial NCC migration and differentiation.

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“…15,23 HA is a glucosaminoglycan (polysaccharide) important for cell division, cell migration, and angiogenesis during embryogenesis, inflammation, and wound healing. 24,25 Degradation of HA forms a matrix that favors tumor cell invasion, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and it recruits bone marrow-derived inflammatory and progenitor cells to tumors. 23 In prostate cancer accumulation of HA in tumor stroma and altered hyaluronic acid synthase (HAS) and hyaluronidase in tumor epithelial cells, are associated with increased cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and poor outcome in men who have undergone radical prostatectomy.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prostate Cancer Increases Hyaluronan in Surrounding Nonmalignant Stroma, and This Response Is Associated with Tumor Growth and an Unfavorable Outcome

Josefsson

Adamo

Hammarsten

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Pathology

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Our objective was to investigate whether the presence of a tumor increases hyaluronan (HA) levels in surrounding prostate tissues and whether this extratumoral HA influences tumor growth and outcome. From a series of 287 men diagnosed with prostate cancer at transurethral resection and followed up with watchful waiting, tissue microarrays were constructed, stained, and scored for HA. A high HA staining score in the tumor stroma or in nonmalignant prostate tissue stroma were both associated positively with higher Gleason score and larger tumor volume, and was associated with a poor outcome. HA staining score was not an independent marker for outcome (multivariate Cox, with Gleason score, tumor volume, stage, and HA variables). In an orthotopic rat prostate cancer model, hyaluronic acid synthase-1 mRNA levels and HA staining were increased in normal prostate tissue surrounding prostate cancer. Orthotopic prostate cancer growth was increased by intraprostatic injection of HA. In conclusion, cancer in the prostate apparently stimulates HA synthesis both in tumor stroma and in the surrounding normal tissue. This promoted tumor growth and was associated with an unfavorable outcome. (Am J Pathol

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Hyaluronan: A constitutive regulator of chemoresistance and malignancy in cancer cells

Cited by 194 publications

References 100 publications

One-electron oxidation and reduction of glycosaminoglycan chloramides: A kinetic study

One-electron oxidation and reduction of glycosaminoglycan chloramides: A kinetic study

Hyaluronan is required for cranial neural crest cells migration and craniofacial development

Prostate Cancer Increases Hyaluronan in Surrounding Nonmalignant Stroma, and This Response Is Associated with Tumor Growth and an Unfavorable Outcome

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