HVC Neural Sleep Activity Increases With Development and Parallels Nightly Changes in Song Behavior

Crandall, Shane R.; Adam, Murtaza K.; Kinnischtzke, Amanda K.; Nick, Teresa A.

doi:10.1152/jn.00128.2007

Cited by 32 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Similarly, it was found that tutor-song-specific neuronal bursting activity in RA of sleeping juvenile zebra finches preceded the changes in singing observed the next day and was dependent on normal sensorimotor feedback (Shank & Margoliash 2009). Alternatively, the correlation between Zenk expression and strength of song learning in the NCM might be indicative of changes in general patterns of nocturnal brain activity related to the developmental process, such as that shown in the song system (Crandall et al 2007;Shank & Margoliash 2009). Taken together, these different findings suggest that sleep is important for sensorimotor learning of the BOS and auditory memory of the tutor song.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory in the making: localized brain activation related to song learning in young songbirds

2010

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Songbird males learn to sing their songs from an adult 'tutor' early in life, much like human infants learn to speak. Similar to humans, in the songbird brain there are separate neural substrates for vocal production and for auditory memory. In adult songbirds, the caudal pallium, the avian equivalent of the auditory association cortex, has been proposed to contain the neural substrate of tutor song memory, while the song system is involved in song production as well as sensorimotor learning. If this hypothesis is correct, there should be neuronal activation in the caudal pallium, and not in the song system, while the young bird is hearing the tutor song. We found increased song-induced molecular neuronal activation, measured as the expression of an immediate early gene, in the caudal pallium of juvenile zebra finch males that were in the process of learning to sing their songs. No such activation was found in the song system. Molecular neuronal activation was significantly greater in response to tutor song than to novel song or silence in the medial part of the caudomedial nidopallium (NCM). In the caudomedial mesopallium, there was significantly greater molecular neuronal activation in response to tutor song than to silence. In addition, in the NCM there was a significant positive correlation between spontaneous molecular neuronal activation and the strength of song learning during sleep. These results suggest that the caudal pallium contains the neural substrate for tutor song memory, which is activated during sleep when the young bird is in the process of learning its song. The findings provide insight into the formation of auditory memories that guide vocal production learning, a process fundamental for human speech acquisition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory in the making: localized brain activation related to song learning in young songbirds

2010

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“…During the sensitive period for vocal learning in the wake state, a neural signal that is selective for the tutor song has been recorded in HVC (Nick and Konishi 2005b), which suggests that instructive auditory signals have access to the juvenile HVC during waking and, perhaps, during singing. In addition, HVC activity during sleep is positively correlated with overnight song stability in juveniles (Crandall et al 2007a), which suggests that HVC sleep activity may have a role in song learning. Collectively, these data indicate that HVC activity is dynamically regulated during song learning and suggest that it is a locus of vocal plasticity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Top-Down Regulation of Plasticity in the Birdsong System: “Premotor” Activity in the Nucleus HVC Predicts Song Variability Better Than It Predicts Song Features

Day

Kinnischtzke²,

Adam³

et al. 2008

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Day NF, Kinnischtzke AK, Adam M, Nick TA. Top-down regulation of plasticity in the birdsong system: "premotor" activity in the nucleus HVC predicts song variability better than it predicts song features. J Neurophysiol 100: 2956 -2965. First published September 10, 2008 doi:10.1152/jn.90501.2008. We studied realtime changes in brain activity during active vocal learning in the zebra finch songbird. The song nucleus HVC is required for the production of learned song. To quantify the relationship of HVC activity and behavior, HVC population activity during repeated vocal sequences (motifs) was recorded and temporally aligned relative to the motif, millisecond by millisecond. Somewhat surprisingly, HVC activity did not reliably predict any vocal feature except amplitude and, to a lesser extent, entropy and pitch goodness (sound periodicity). Variance in "premotor" HVC activity did not reliably predict variance in behavior. In contrast, HVC activity inversely predicted the variance of amplitude, entropy, frequency, pitch, and FM. We reasoned that, if HVC was involved in song learning, the relationship of HVC activity to learned features would be developmentally regulated. To test this hypothesis, we compared the HVC song feature relationships in adults and juveniles in the sensorimotor "babbling" period. We found that the relationship of HVC activity to variance in FM was developmentally regulated, with the greatest difference at an HVC vocalization lag of 50 ms. Collectively, these data show that, millisecond by millisecond, bursts in HVC activity predict song stability on-line during singing, whereas decrements in HVC activity predict plasticity. These relationships between neural activity and plasticity may play a role in vocal learning in songbirds by enabling the selective stabilization of parts of the song that match a learned tutor model.

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“…Combining antidromic stimulation with tetrode recording enables analysis of spike-time relationships among projection neurons and their local circuits. A defining characteristic of song system activity is its bursts of population activity that involve multiple neurons (Crandall et al 2007;Day et al 2009;Schmidt and Konishi 1998;Shank and Margoliash 2009). However, the types of HVC neurons that are coactive in the bursts have not been determined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of single neurons in a forebrain network

Day

Kerrigan

Aoki

et al. 2011

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Behaviors are generated from complex interactions among networks of neurons. Single-unit ensemble recording has been used to identify multiple neurons in functioning networks. These recordings have provided insight into interactions among neurons in local and distributed circuits. Recorded units in these ensembles have been classed based on waveform type, firing pattern, and physical location. To identify individual projection neurons in a cortical network, we have paired tetrode recording with antidromic stimulation. We developed techniques that enable antidromic identification of single units and study of functional interactions between these neurons and other circuit elements. These methods have been developed in the zebra finch and should be applicable, with potential modifications that we discuss here, to any neural circuit with defined subpopulations based on projection target. This methodology will enable elucidation of the functional roles of single identified neurons in complex vertebrate circuits.

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HVC Neural Sleep Activity Increases With Development and Parallels Nightly Changes in Song Behavior

Cited by 32 publications

References 39 publications

Memory in the making: localized brain activation related to song learning in young songbirds

Memory in the making: localized brain activation related to song learning in young songbirds

Top-Down Regulation of Plasticity in the Birdsong System: “Premotor” Activity in the Nucleus HVC Predicts Song Variability Better Than It Predicts Song Features

Identification of single neurons in a forebrain network

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