Hunting shapes wildlife disease transmission

Kamath, Pauline L.; Prentice, Melanie B.

doi:10.1038/s41559-021-01633-7

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…Such environmental disturbance might promote the expansion of host repertoires as new ecological opportunities arise and parasites increase their change of survival through ecological fitting (Brooks et al, 2019). Furthermore, changes in predation pressure might affect behavioural patterns in species leading to elevated disease transmission despite an overall lower abundance (Kamath & Prentice, 2022). For Lake Victoria cichlids, biodiversity loss through hybridisation has been cited as a secondary effect of reduced visibility because of eutrophication (Njiru et al, 2010).…”

Section: The East African Lakes: Specialised and Saturated Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explosive networking: The role of adaptive host radiations and ecological opportunity in a species‐rich host–parasite assembly

et al. 2022

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Many species‐rich ecological communities emerge from adaptive radiation events. Yet the effects of adaptive radiation on community assembly remain poorly understood. Here, we explore the well‐documented radiations of African cichlid fishes and their interactions with the flatworm gill parasites Cichlidogyrus spp., including 10,529 reported infections and 477 different host–parasite combinations collected through a survey of peer‐reviewed literature. We assess how evolutionary, ecological, and morphological parameters determine host–parasite meta‐communities affected by adaptive radiation events through network metrics, host repertoire measures, and network link prediction. The hosts' evolutionary history mostly determined host repertoires of the parasites. Ecological and evolutionary parameters predicted host–parasite interactions. Generally, ecological opportunity and fitting have shaped cichlid‐Cichlidogyrus meta‐communities suggesting an invasive potential for hosts used in aquaculture. Meta‐communities affected by adaptive radiations are increasingly specialised with higher environmental stability. These trends should be verified across other systems to infer generalities in the evolution of species‐rich host–parasite networks.

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Section: The East African Lakes: Specialised and Saturated Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explosive networking: The role of adaptive host radiations and ecological opportunity in a species‐rich host–parasite assembly

et al. 2022

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Range area and the fast–slow continuum of life history traits predict pathogen richness in wild mammals

Choo,

Nghiem,

Benítez-López

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Surveillance of pathogen richness in wildlife is needed to identify host species with a high risk of zoonotic disease spillover. While several predictors of pathogen richness in wildlife hosts have been proposed, their relative importance has not been formally examined. This hampers our ability to identify potential disease reservoirs, particularly in remote areas with limited surveillance efforts. Here we analyzed 14 proposed predictors of pathogen richness using ensemble modeling and a dataset of 1040 host species to identify the most important predictors of pathogen richness in wild mammal species. After controlling for research effort, larger species geographic range area was identified to be associated with higher pathogen richness. We found evidence of duality in the relationship between the fast–slow continuum of life-history traits and pathogen richness, where pathogen richness increases near the extremities. Taxonomic orders Carnivora, Proboscidea, Artiodactyla, and Perissodactyla were predicted to host high pathogen richness. The top three species with the highest pathogen richness predicted by our ensemble model were Canis lupus, Sus scrofa, and Alces alces. Our results can help support evidence-informed pathogen surveillance and disease reservoir management to prevent the emergence of future zoonotic diseases.

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Range area and the extremes of the fast-slow continuum predict pathogen richness in pantropical mammals

Choo

Nghiem

Benítez‐López

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Surveillance of pathogen richness in wildlife is needed to identify host species with high zoonotic spillover risk. Many predictors of pathogen richness in wildlife hosts have been proposed, but these predictors have mostly been examined separately and not at the pantropical level. Here we analyzed 15 proposed predictors of pathogen richness using a model ensemble composed of bagged random forests, boosted regression trees, and zero-inflated negative binomial mixed-effects models to identify predictors of pathogen richness in wild tropical mammal species. After controlling for research effort, species geographic range area was identified to be the most important predictor by the model ensemble while the most important anthropogenic factor was hunting pressure. Both fast-lived and slow-lived species had greater pathogen richness, showing a non-linear relationship between the species fast-slow continuum of life history traits and pathogen richness, whereby pathogen richness increases near the extremities. The top species with the highest pathogen richness predicted by our model ensemble are Vulpes vulpes, Mus musculus, Canis lupus, Mustela erminea, and Lutra lutra. Our results can help support evidence-informed pathogen surveillance and disease reservoir management to prevent the emergence of future zoonotic diseases.

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Hunting shapes wildlife disease transmission

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Explosive networking: The role of adaptive host radiations and ecological opportunity in a species‐rich host–parasite assembly

Explosive networking: The role of adaptive host radiations and ecological opportunity in a species‐rich host–parasite assembly

Range area and the fast–slow continuum of life history traits predict pathogen richness in wild mammals

Range area and the extremes of the fast-slow continuum predict pathogen richness in pantropical mammals

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