Hunters at Hengistbury: Some evidence from experimental archaeology

Barton, Nick; Bergman, Christopher A.

doi:10.1080/00438243.1982.9979864

Cited by 118 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Microliths, as components of barbed projectiles, may have been economically advantageous in that associated weaponry could have increased success in capturing mobile prey through improved hunting technologies. Microlithic tools served a number of functions (31), but it is often argued that they were components of serial armatures which increased the maintainability and reliability of tools during time-stressed hunting trips (29) and increased penetration and blood loss through multiple cutting edges and internal fragmentation of the adhering barbs (32)(33)(34). It seems likely that the use of microliths in South Asia is associated with changes in subsistence practices, and the various archaeological, genetic, and paleoenvironmental findings presented here, although not conclusive, suggest that this use may have been necessitated in this region by a combination of landscape fragmentation, overall environmental deterioration, and increased population packing.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population increase and environmental deterioration correspond with microlithic innovations in South Asia ca. 35,000 years ago

Petraglia

Clarkson

Boivin

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

122

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Genetic studies of South Asia's population history have led to postulations of a significant and early population expansion in the subcontinent, dating to sometime in the Late Pleistocene. We evaluate this argument, based on new mtDNA analyses, and find evidence for significant demographic transition in the subcontinent, dating to 35-28 ka. We then examine the paleoenvironmental and, particularly, archaeological records for this time period and note that this putative demographic event coincides with a period of ecological and technological change in South Asia. We document the development of a new diminutive stone blade (microlithic) technology beginning at 35-30 ka, the first time that the precocity of this transition has been recognized across the subcontinent. We argue that the transition to microlithic technology may relate to changes in subsistence practices, as increasingly large and probably fragmented populations exploited resources in contracting favorable ecological zones just before the onset of full glacial conditions. archaeology ͉ environment ͉ genetics ͉ lithic technology

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population increase and environmental deterioration correspond with microlithic innovations in South Asia ca. 35,000 years ago

Petraglia

Clarkson

Boivin

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

122

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show abstract

“…Otros criterios clasificatorios seguidos para el control detallado de los desconchados macroscó-picos se basan en diversos estudios y experimentaciones con réplicas de distintos tipos de proyectiles (Barton y Bergman, 1982;Fischer et al, 1984;González e Ibáñez, 1994;Dockall, 1997;Palomo y Gibaja, 2003), y son los siguientes: …”

Section: Huellas Macroscópicasunclassified

Experimentación con proyectiles de retoque plano y resultados de su análisis funcional

Martínez

2016

Zephyrvs

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Resumen: Un variado repertorio de construcciones de arquitectura monumental, localizadas en la cuenca alta y media del valle del Ebro, se han interpretado como tumbas colectivas de uso diacrónico a lo largo del iii milenio a. C. Numerosas son las puntas de flecha recuperadas en los depósitos de algunas de sus cámaras mortuorias. La mayor parte se registran entre los restos esqueléticos y unas pocas clavadas en huesos de algunos de los individuos inhumados. En este trabajo se pretende reconstruir su función como proyectiles mediante la experimentación y la traceología, con el fin de aproximarnos al significado de estas armas en contextos funerarios y tomando como referencia las colecciones de puntas procedentes de los dólmenes de Aizibita y Charracadía (valle del Salado, Navarra). El programa experimental desarrollado ha incluido la utilización de puntas de flecha de retoque plano, de diferentes morfologías, fabricadas en sílex y propulsadas con arco. Se ha llevado a cabo una sesión de tiro, durante la cual las réplicas se dispararon del modo más ajustado a la supuesta realidad prehistórica. Un posterior análisis traceológico ha permitido identificar estigmas de impacto de naturaleza macro-y microscópica. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se abordan cuestiones relativas a la efectividad, uso y vida útil de estos proyectiles líticos.Palabras clave: Arqueología experimental; análisis de huellas de uso; punta de flecha; sílex.Abstract: A varied repertoire of buildings of monumental architecture, which are located in the upper and middle basin of the Ebro valley, have been interpreted as collective graves of diachronic use along the iii millennium bc. Numerous arrowheads have been recovered in the filling deposits of some burial chambers. Most of them have been registered among the skeletal remains, but only very few of them were nailed in bones of certain buried individuals. The purpose of this work is to reconstruct its function as projectiles through experimentation and traceology, with the aim of approaching to the meaning of these weapons in funerary contexts, and taking the arrowheads collections from the dolmens of Aizibita and Charracadía (Salado valley, Navarre) as a reference. The experimental program developed has included the use of different morphologies of flint arrowheads of flat retouch which were propelled by bow. A session of shot has been carried out, during which the replicas were fired in the most adjusted way to the alleged prehistoric reality. A subsequent use-wear analysis has identified impact traces of macroscopic and microscopic nature. Issues relating to effectiveness, use and longevity of these lithic projectiles are addressed from the obtained results.

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“…Most of these projects have further demonstrated that these fracture types are robust models for fractures that can be found on archaeological specimens (e.g. Barton & Bergman 1982;Fischer et al 1984;Lombard and Pargeter 2008). Yet, identification of hunting macrofractures via experimental models is not without flaws.…”

Section: (Emphasis In Original)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Test, Model, and Method Validation: The Role of Experimental Stone Artifact Replication in Hypothesis-driven Archaeology

et al. 2016

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Hunters at Hengistbury: Some evidence from experimental archaeology

Cited by 118 publications

References 9 publications

Population increase and environmental deterioration correspond with microlithic innovations in South Asia ca. 35,000 years ago

Population increase and environmental deterioration correspond with microlithic innovations in South Asia ca. 35,000 years ago

Experimentación con proyectiles de retoque plano y resultados de su análisis funcional

Test, Model, and Method Validation: The Role of Experimental Stone Artifact Replication in Hypothesis-driven Archaeology

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