Hunger and malnutrition

Horton, Susan; Alderman, Harold; Rivera, Juan Á.; Martorell, Reynaldo; Deolalikar, Anil B.

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511807633.007

Cited by 95 publications

(96 citation statements)

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“…This shift is attributable to several factors: the food price spikes of 2007-08 sparked renewed media and policy interest in undernutrition, The Lancet 2008 Series provided policy makers with a set of tangible interventions that were eff ective in various locations, and the 2008 Copenhagen Consensus concluded that nutrition interventions were among the most cost eff ective in development. 3 The Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) movement, which started in September 2010, is the most important symbol of the increased interest in nutrition. 4 By the middle of May, 2013, the movement had grown to include 35 countries that are committed to the scale-up of direct nutrition interventions and the advancement of nutrition-sensitive development, including 21 of the 34 highest burden countries where 41% of the global burden of child stunting is located (or 56% if India is omitted).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The politics of reducing malnutrition: building commitment and accelerating progress

et al. 2013

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In the past 5 years, political discourse about the challenge of undernutrition has increased substantially at national and international levels and has led to stated commitments from many national governments, international organisations, and donors. The Scaling Up Nutrition movement has both driven, and been driven by, this developing momentum. Harmonisation has increased among stakeholders, with regard to their understanding of the main causes of malnutrition and to the various options for addressing it. The main challenges are to enhance and expand the quality and coverage of nutrition-specifi c interventions, and to maximise the nutrition sensitivity of more distal interventions, such as agriculture, social protection, and water and sanitation. But a crucial third level of action exists, which relates to the environments and processes that underpin and shape political and policy processes. We focus on this neglected level. We address several fundamental questions: how can enabling environments and processes be cultivated, sustained, and ultimately translated into results on the ground? How has high-level political momentum been generated? What needs to happen to turn this momentum into results? How can we ensure that high-quality, well-resourced interventions for nutrition are available to those who need them, and that agriculture, social protection, and water and sanitation systems and programmes are proactively reoriented to support nutrition goals? We use a six-cell framework to discuss the ways in which three domains (knowledge and evidence, politics and governance, and capacity and resources) are pivotal to create and sustain political momentum, and to translate momentum into results in high-burden countries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The politics of reducing malnutrition: building commitment and accelerating progress

et al. 2013

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“…Children can be at risk for malnutrition even before birth, as their nutrition levels are directly tied to the nutrition of their mothers [4]. Breastfeeding can reduce rates of malnutrition and mortality in children [5,6] and educational programs for mothers could have a large impact on these rates [7]. Malnutrition, defined as underweight, is a serious public-health problem that has been linked to a substantial increase in the risk of mortality and morbidity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Status and Determinants of Malnutrition of Under Five Years of Age Children in Scattered Settlement of Tehsil Takht Bhai, Mardan, Pakistan

Ali¹,

Ambreen²,

Shah³

2018

J Comm Pub Health Nurs

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“…The Copenhagen Consensus, which brought together the world's leading economists in 2008 and again in 2012, listed nutrition amongst the top ten most cost-effective strategies to address the global development challenge (Hoddinott et al, 2012;Horton et al, 2008).…”

Section: The Global Momentum For Improving Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The contribution of fish to nutrition and food security: informing the evidence base for agricultural policy in Bangladesh

Bogard¹

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BackgroundMalnutrition and poor quality diets are the leading drivers of the global burden of disease, affecting one in three people globally. Pregnant and lactating women, and infants of complementary feeding age are particularly vulnerable. The fisheries sector is well-placed to contribute to improving malnutrition and food insecurity, particularly in the context of Bangladesh, yet is often overlooked. AimsThe broad aim of this research is to understand how fish contributes to nutrition and food security, how this is changing according to broader trends in aquatic food systems, and how fisheries might be better utilised to reduce malnutrition. The focus is on nutrients known to be significant causes of malnutrition in Bangladesh: iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin A and vitamin B12. This broad aim is addressed through five specific research questions (RQs): RQ1: What is the nutritional value of commonly consumed fish in Bangladesh?RQ2: How could local nutrient-rich foods including fish, be utilised to improve nutritional quality of diets? RQ3: What does fish currently contribute to diets in terms of nutrient intakes? RQ4: How has the transition in aquatic food systems (declining availability of species from capture fisheries, and rapid growth in aquaculture) impacted nutrient intakes? RQ5: How could nutritional quality of fish production systems be measured and used in decision making? MethodsThis research draws on a variety of different methods to address individual RQs. The nutritional value of fish (RQ1) was determined by primary analysis of 55 fish species for composition of protein, fat and selected minerals, vitamins and essential fatty acids using standard analytical methods. Raw, edible parts of individual samples were homogenised then analysed in duplicate. The use of fish to improve diets among vulnerable groups (RQ2) was informed by a review of local food-based approaches including food processing methods, and nutrient composition of local ingredients, followed by laboratory based trial ii production of recipes. The role of fish in current diets (RQ3) was informed through secondary analysis of intra-household food consumption data (based on 24-hour recall) of a two-stage stratified nationally representative survey of rural Bangladesh (n=5,503 households,24,198 individuals). Linear regression was used to estimate mean fish consumption, controlling for age, sex, wealth group and geographic region (adjusted by sampling weights). The impact of a shift in fish consumption away from non-farmed towards farmed fish, on nutritional quality of diets (RQ4) Main findingsThe nutrient composition of fish varies widely across species, particularly for micronutrients.Iron content ranged from 0.34-19 mg/100 g raw, edible parts; zinc from 0.6-4.7 mg/100 g; calcium from 8.6-1900 mg/100 g; vitamin A from 0-2503 µg RAE/100 g; and vitamin B12 from 0.50-14 µg/100 g. Non-farmed fish contribute between 6-35% of daily recommended nutrient intakes for iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin A and vitamin B12, more than farmed fis...

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Hunger and malnutrition

Cited by 95 publications

References 0 publications

The politics of reducing malnutrition: building commitment and accelerating progress

The politics of reducing malnutrition: building commitment and accelerating progress

Nutritional Status and Determinants of Malnutrition of Under Five Years of Age Children in Scattered Settlement of Tehsil Takht Bhai, Mardan, Pakistan

The contribution of fish to nutrition and food security: informing the evidence base for agricultural policy in Bangladesh

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