Humusica 2, Article 14: Anthropogenic soils and humus systems, comparing classification systems

Zanella, Augusto; Schád, Péter; Galbraith, John M.; Ponge, Jean‐François

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.07.006

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Examples of application of the classification are presented in Supplementary Materials 3. For the precise distinction of Terrestrial (non-submerged land) from other humipedons (submerged, young soils, anthropic systems), we suggest the reader to refer to dedicated articles [31,56,66]. Here, we present a freely downloadable iOS and Android application that allows an investigator to bring information connected to Terrestrial and Semiterrestrial Histic humus systems into the field, and to obtain some clues about common Para systems.…”

Section: Semiterrestrial Aqueous (C)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Standardized Morpho-Functional Classification of the Planet’s Humipedons

et al. 2022

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It was time to take stock. We modified the humipedon classification key published in 2018 to make it easier and more practical. This morpho-functional taxonomy of the topsoil (humipedon) was only available in English; we also translated it into French and Italian. A standardized morpho-functional classification of humipedons (roughly the top 30–40 cm of soil: organic and organomineral surface horizons) would allow for a better understanding of the functioning of the soil ecosystem. This paper provides the founding principles of the classification of humipedon into humus systems and forms. With the recognition of a few diagnostic horizons, all humus systems can be determined. The humus forms that make up these humus systems are revealed by measuring the thicknesses of the diagnostic horizons. In the final part of the article, several figures represent the screenshots of a mobile phone or tablet application that allows for a fast recall of the diagnostic elements of the classification in the field. The article attempts to promote a standardized classification of humipedons for a global and shared management of soil at planet level.

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Section: Semiterrestrial Aqueous (C)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Standardized Morpho-Functional Classification of the Planet’s Humipedons

et al. 2022

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“…The International Commission for Anthropogenic Soils (ICOMANTH) was established in 1995 in the United States to deepen the study of anthropogenic soils. International scholars have studied the properties, classifications, management, functions, and cartographies of anthropogenic soils [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].Some scholars have explored the investigation and taxonomy schemes of such soils, exploring the rationality of their national taxonomy schemes based on the results of engineering soil classifications, and they have provided suggestions for improvement [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Capra et al summarized numerous suggestions for classifying human-altered and human-transported soil studies [33,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revised Proposed Classifications for Typical Anthropogenic Soils in China

Hao,

Wu,

et al. 2023

Land

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As global industrialization and its associated anthropogenic activities rapidly increase, so too does the areal extent of human-altered soils. The soil classification framework must incorporate the classification schemes of these disturbed soils in order to remediate land. Soil Taxonomy (ST) and the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) are the most widely used soil classification systems in the world. In this study, 15 typical anthropogenic soil profiles with engineering and technical characteristics from China were selected for a classification study. The aim of this study was to clarify the classifications of these soil profiles in the ST, WRB, Chinese Soil Taxonomy (CST), and Geogenetic Soil Classification of China (GSCC), and make references accordingly. The results showed that the WRB can classify these soils as Technosols in the first level. ST can classify most of these soils as subgroups within the different great groups under Entisols, as well as the Human-Altered and Human-Transported Material classes within the soil family differentiae. For Chinese soil classification schemes, there is a large loophole in the CST regarding the classification of anthropogenic soils. Many anthropogenic soils cannot reflect these soils’ artificial and technical naming characteristics. For the CST, revised proposals based on the WRB and ST were proposed. Based on the artificial disturbance of soil layers, a manufactured layer was added to the diagnostic basis. The Artificalic Anthrosols suborder was added, and it can be divided into the Transporti-Artificalic Anthrosols and Alteri-Artificalic Anthrosols groups. The subgroups were defined by their levels of contamination, imperviousness, and artifact content. The “T” layer symbol was added to soil profile descriptions to reflect a specific layer about technology, such as A, E, B, and C, to reflect the main genetic horizons. This revised classification system is proposed for inclusion in the revised CST to account for the very large and expanding extent of disturbed soils in China and to remain current with other global soil taxonomy systems.

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“…During the long-term relationship between humans and soil, the characteristics and behaviour of soil have been significantly influenced and changed by anthropic activities and tools for a long time 10 , 19 , and anthropic activities are regarded as a combination of factors affecting a series of processes rather than as a single factor affecting the soil-forming process 20 , 21 . In fact, the World Reference Base (WRB) established the Anthrosol and Technosol reference soil groups (RSGs) and formulated corresponding evaluation indicators 22 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the profile properties and chemical weathering characteristics of cultivated soils affected by anthropic activities

Zhong

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The study of the pedogenic process in response to natural evolution, gradual anthropogenic shifts and engineering upheavals is of great significance for understanding, utilizing and transforming nature in the future. Although scholars have considered anthropic activities to be an important factor affecting pedogenesis, research on how and how much anthropic activities influence the soil-forming process is scant. This paper was conducted to analyse pedogenic characteristics dominated by anthropic activities. In this study, the parent materials and soils undergoing natural evolution (NE), tillage perturbation (TP) and engineering perturbation (EP) were selected as research objects. The genetic characteristics of soils undergoing NE, TP and EP are investigated mainly from three aspects: soil profile macromorphological characteristics, soil physical and chemical properties and chemical weathering characteristics. The results indicated that the influence of anthropic activities (TP and EP) on the process of pedogenesis is complicated. First, compared with NE, TP decreases the thickness of topsoil from 22.2 to 21.2 cm, while EP increases the thickness of topsoil from 22.2 to 23.2 cm, and EP causes the soil to have a high profile development index. Second, compared with TP, EP can improve bulk density (BD), soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and cation exchange capacity (CEC), Finally, the chemical weathering intensity differed among NE, TP and EP and followed the order of TP > NE > EP. Therefore, in the future, the genetic characteristics of soils dominated by anthropic activities should be considered. This will help us systematically understand the genesis and evolutionary characteristics of soil and lay a foundation for further perfecting the diagnostic horizon and diagnostic characteristics of the Soil Taxonomy and World Reference Base.

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Humusica 2, Article 14: Anthropogenic soils and humus systems, comparing classification systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

A Standardized Morpho-Functional Classification of the Planet’s Humipedons

A Standardized Morpho-Functional Classification of the Planet’s Humipedons

Revised Proposed Classifications for Typical Anthropogenic Soils in China

Changes in the profile properties and chemical weathering characteristics of cultivated soils affected by anthropic activities

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