“…Darling et al (2019aDarling et al ( , 2022 concluded that these observations are indicative of ocean basin-wide panmixia, on the assumption that they could only result from extensive exchange of singing males between wintering areas. However, though singing was once thought to be largely confined to wintering grounds (Charif et al, 2001;Clapham & Mattila, 1990), we now know that humpback whales sing both on their feeding grounds late in the season and on migration (Clark & Clapham, 2004;Magnúsd ottir et al, 2014;Mattila et al, 1987;Noad & Cato, 2007;Norris et al, 1999;Schall et al, 2022;Stimpert et al, 2012;Tyarks et al, 2021;Vu et al, 2012), providing a mechanism for transmission of songs among winter areas in the absence of direct exchange of individuals between wintering grounds (Garland et al, 2013;Owen et al, 2019). Rapid annual shifts in humpback whale song, called song "revolutions," have been attributed to exposure to song from other populations, either on the feeding ground or migratory route (Garland et al, 2011(Garland et al, , 2013Owen et al, 2019;Tyarks et al, 2022) or due to the movement of a small number of males between wintering areas (Allen et al, 2018;Noad et al, 2000).…”