Humour styles, personality, and well‐being among Lebanese university students

Abstract

This research examined the structure and correlates of the Humor Styles Questionnaire (HSQ) in Lebanese university students. Four humour factors were found, as in the original Canadian samples: Affiliative, Self‐Enhancing, Aggressive, and Self‐Defeating humour. Scale reliabilities were generally acceptable, and inter‐correlations among the scales were low. Lebanese participants scored lower than Canadians on Affiliative and Self‐Enhancing humour and lower than Belgians on Affiliative and Aggressive humour. As in Canadian and Belgian samples, males reported significantly more use of Aggressive and Self‐Defeating humour than did females. Humour styles correlated differentially, and generally as predicted, with horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivism, attachment styles, perceived health, and psychological well‐being. Overall, the findings support the cross‐cultural stability of the HSQ as well as the differential relationship of these humour styles with culture‐related personality traits and psychological well‐being. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Sense of Humor in China: The Role of Individualism, Collectivism, and Facework

“…An interesting finding worth noting is that, consistent with our prediction, aggressive humor was found to be consistently and very significantly related to vertical individualism across the three different cultures (see Kazarian & Martin, 2004, suggesting that those who are competitive and strive to win at the expense of others, tend to use humor to enhance themselves by disparaging others. One possible explanation for this finding is that people who are high in vertical individualism see the world as competitive-those who win do so at the expense of the losers and hold an aggressive attitude toward others.…”

“…This finding suggests that Chinese individuals who see themselves as interdependent members of a group, in which everyone is presumed to be equal, tend to use humor with respect to others to enhance group cohesiveness and oneself. This finding also holds true for the Lebanese (see Kazarian & Martin, 2004). …”

“…This suggests that the relationship between vertical collectivism and self-defeating humor seems to be mixed or complicated in different cultures since the findings on this relationship were quite different or even opposite in the three disparate cultures (Kazarian & Martin, 2004. The inconsistent findings between cultures may be due to differences in religious beliefs and ethnic identity.…”

“…The relationships between humor styles and the four cultural value dimensions were examined by Kazarian and Martin (2004) with a sample of 401 Lebanese university students and Kazarian and Martin (2006) with 278 ethnic Armenians living in Lebanon. There were some similarities but also some differences in their findings on the relationship between humor styles and cultural value dimensions.…”

The Effect Of The Perceptıon Of Employees About Theır Managers’ Humor Styles On Job Satısfactıon

“…The positive styles are "Affiliative" and "Self Enhancing" humor. The negative styles are "Agressive" and "Self Defeating" humor (Tümkaya, 2006;Çeçen, 2007;Kazarian, Martin and Shahe, 2004).…”