Humoral immune defense of the central nervous system

Dorrier, Cayce; McGavern, Dorian B.

doi:10.1016/j.coi.2022.102179

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…13 Focused examination of the mature B cell compartment in young mice demonstrated that most were IgD + IgM + naive B cells. 13,17,18 BM chimera and parabiosis experiments revealed that most of the dural B cells did not infiltrate from the circulation, but originated from the calvarial BM. 13 However, as the mice aged, more antigen experienced B cells accumulate in the dura mater.…”

Section: B Cells In the Homeostatic Cnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other new exciting dimensions for future studies are new insights into meningeal lymphatic drainage 143,144 as well as niches hosting a plethora of immune cells, including B cells, along the outer meningeal border 13,17 . A contribution of the dural meningeal immune compartment to viral encephalitis has not been elucidated to our knowledge.…”

Section: Overall Conclusion Challenges and Opportunities To Understan...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More in‐depth analysis showed that the distribution of B cell developmental stages in the meninges resembled that of the BM, thereby implicating the dural meninges as a possible site of B cell development 13 . Focused examination of the mature B cell compartment in young mice demonstrated that most were IgD + IgM + naive B cells 13,17,18 . BM chimera and parabiosis experiments revealed that most of the dural B cells did not infiltrate from the circulation, but originated from the calvarial BM 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BM chimera and parabiosis experiments revealed that most of the dural B cells did not infiltrate from the circulation, but originated from the calvarial BM 13 . However, as the mice aged, more antigen experienced B cells accumulate in the dura mater 13,17 . Interestingly, gut‐educated IgA + plasma cells also accumulate along the dural venous sinuses in early adulthood and constituted the predominant plasma cell isotype in the dura.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 13 However, as the mice aged, more antigen experienced B cells accumulate in the dura mater. 13 , 17 Interestingly, gut‐educated IgA + plasma cells also accumulate along the dural venous sinuses in early adulthood and constituted the predominant plasma cell isotype in the dura. However, IgM became the predominant plasma cell isotype type with aging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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B cells going viral in theCNS: Dynamics, complexities, and functions of B cells responding to viral encephalitis

Cardani‐Boulton

Boylan

Stetsenko

et al. 2022

Immunological Reviews

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Summary A diverse number of DNA and RNA viruses have the potential to invade the central nervous system (CNS), causing inflammation and injury to cells that have a limited capacity for repair and regeneration. While rare, viral encephalitis in humans is often fatal and survivors commonly suffer from permanent neurological sequelae including seizures. Established treatment options are extremely limited, predominantly relying on vaccines, antivirals, or supportive care. Many viral CNS infections are characterized by the presence of antiviral antibodies in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), indicating local maintenance of protective antibody secreting cells. However, the mechanisms maintaining these humoral responses are poorly characterized. Furthermore, while both viral and autoimmune encephalitis are associated with the recruitment of diverse B cell subsets to the CNS, their protective and pathogenic roles aside from antibody production are just beginning to be understood. This review will focus on the relevance of B cell responses to viral CNS infections, with an emphasis on the importance of intrathecal immunity and the potential contribution to autoimmunity. Specifically, it will summarize the newest data characterizing B cell activation, differentiation, migration, and localization in clinical samples as well as experimental models of acute and persistent viral encephalitis.

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