Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to a Hepatitis B Vaccine Booster 15–18 Years after Neonatal Immunization

Lu, Chun Yi; Ni, Yen‐Hsuan; Chiang, Bor‐Luen; Chen, Pei‐Jer; Chang, Mei Chi; Chang, Luan Yin; Su, Ih Jen; Kuo, Hsu Sung; Huang, Li‐Min; Chen, Ding‐Shinn; Lee, Chin‐Yun

doi:10.1086/587695

Cited by 173 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…10,40,41,45,48 One study found that following a booster dose in subjects who received 4 doses of vaccine during infancy, 28.7% had undetectable anti-HBs, while HBsAg-specific IFN-g-or IL-5-secreting peripheral blood mononuclear cells remaining negative in 27.2%, and it was estimated that 10.1% of the total population had lost their vaccine-conferred booster response. 49 . In the 170 students negative for both HBsAg and anti-HBs in the aforementioned Hong Kong study, 44 69 provided blood sample after the first booster dose and anti-HBs was <10 mIU/mL and 10-100 mIU/mL in 14.5% and 29.0% respectively, so that a 3-dose booster was required to induce 97.2% of these subjects to respond with an anti-HBs titer above 100 mIU/mL.…”

Section: Anamnestic Response In Vaccineesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune persistence after hepatitis B vaccination in infancy – Fact or fancy?

Lao

2016

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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The hepatitis B vaccine has been introduced for more than 3 decades. In Hong Kong, excellent vaccine coverage through an efficient public health care system, together with supplemental programmes and easy availability of the vaccine, meant that most young pregnant women, and university students at entrance, should have been protected. Yet significant correlations in the prevalence of HBV infection with age were found in these groups of subjects, increasing from low to high endemicity rates from late teenage to the early twenties. This can only be attributed to vaccine failure, and there is cumulating evidence that several factors are involved, including the failure to respond to a primary series of hepatitis B vaccination in infancy, the waning of antibody titer with age, and loss of anamnestic response in a significant portion of the vaccinees. The duration of protection conferred by hepatitis B vaccination in infancy should be re-examined and remedial measures undertaken if its long term protection is found to be insufficient. Otherwise, the efforts to control HBV infection, especially in high endemicity regions, with universal vaccination in infancy would be rendered futile.

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Section: Anamnestic Response In Vaccineesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune persistence after hepatitis B vaccination in infancy – Fact or fancy?

Lao

2016

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…17 We, therefore, focused our study on the duration of protection after infant immunization. although quite a number of studies exist dealing with the persistence of anti-HBs after primary immunization or analyzing the response to a booster dose after anti-HBs has dropped below 10 miu/ml [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] , there is no systematic investigation assessing determinants for waning immunity.Persistence of anti-HBs ≥ 10 miu/ml and response to booster vaccination 19,21,23 may be related to vaccine dosage, [27][28][29][30] beginning of the primary vaccine regime (at birth or later in infancy), 22,28,29,[31][32][33] timing of the last vaccination of the primary series (ie, the gap time between last and preceding dose), 4,33 numbers of vaccine doses given as primary vaccine series 4 and use of plasma-derived or recombinant vaccines. 4,8,11,19,28,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Finally, both parameters may also be influenced by the prevalence of hepatitis B infection in the population and the HBsag carrier status of the mothers in the country.…”

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Long-term Protection After Hepatitis B Vaccination in Infancy

Schönberger

Riedel²,

Rückinger³

et al. 2013

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Background: the duration of protection after hepatitis B vaccination in early infancy is unclear and may be related to vaccination schedule, dosage, vaccine type and population characteristics. Factors potentially influencing waning immunity were assessed. Methods: a systematic review was performed. the main outcomes were prevalence of anti-hepatits B antibodies ≥ 10 miu/ml after primary or booster vaccination. Factors potentially influencing protection were assessed in an adjusted random-effects meta-analysis model by age for both outcomes. results of both meta-analyses were combined in a prognostic model. Results: Forty-six studies reporting on the anti-hepatits B antibodies ≥ 10 miu/ml 5 to 20 years after primary immunization and 29 on booster response were identified. the adjusted meta-analyses identified maternal carrier status (odds ratio [Or]: 2.37 [1.11; 5.08]), lower vaccine dosage than presently recommended (Or: 0.14 [0.06; 0.30]) and gap time between last and preceding dose of the primary vaccine series (Or: 0.44 [0.22; 0.86]) as determinants for persistence of anti-hepatits B antibodies ≥ 10. a lower vaccine dosage was also associated with failure to respond to booster (Or: 0.20 [0.10; 0.38]). the prognostic model predicted long-term protection of 90% [77%; 100%] at the age of 17 years for offspring of noncarrier mothers vaccinated with a presently recommended dose and vaccination schedule. Conclusions: Based on meta-analyses, predictors of waning immunity after hepatitis B vaccination in infancy could be identified. a prognostic model for long-term protection after hepatitis B vaccination in infancy was developed.Key Words: hepatitis B, infant vaccination, booster, long-term protection, determinants of protection (Pediatr Infect Dis J 2013;32: 307-313) A lthough hepatitis B vaccination is highly effective, vaccination failures leading to acute [1][2][3][4][5] and sometimes chronic infection [5][6][7][8] have been observed. although infections occurring within a short time interval after vaccination are likely to reflect primary vaccination failure 1,4 due to nonresponse, those occurring after decades are likely to reflect secondary vaccination failure due to waning immunity. anti-hepatits B antibodies [anti-HBs] ≥ 10 miu/ ml either after primary vaccination or as response to booster if the antibody concentrations have fallen below are widely accepted marker of protection after hepatitis B vaccination. 9-11 immunity against hepatitis B gives protection against infection and protection against disease. 12-14 Protection against infection is based on the presence of anti-HBs ≥ 10 miu/ml. after vaccination against hepatitis B, the proportion of individuals with anti-HBs ≥10 miu/ ml is highly dependent on the time elapsed since primary vaccination. individuals whose anti-HBs concentrations dropped below a level of 10 miu/ml are not protected any more against infection with hepatitis B virus. However, they are not at risk of hepatic disease as long as they have hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsag)-spe...

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“…18,19 Furthermore, immunological memory responses decrease with age after primary immunization. [20][21][22] Consequently, the need for booster vaccination against Hepatitis B has received much attention, [23][24][25] but little is known about the effect of booster vaccination with HepB (CHO) in infants of HBsAg-positive mothers, who have a greater chance to be exposed to hepatitis B virus.…”

Section: Control Of Hepatitis B Also Prevents Hepatitis D Infection mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of booster vaccination on hepatitis B vaccine in anti-HBs negative infants of HBsAg-positive mothers after primary vaccination

Yao

Zhu³

et al. 2013

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to a Hepatitis B Vaccine Booster 15–18 Years after Neonatal Immunization

Abstract: A notable proportion of fully vaccinated adolescents had lost immune memory conferred by a plasma-derived HB vaccine 15-18 years later. This decay of immune memory may raise concerns about the need for a booster vaccine for high-risk groups in the long run.

Cited by 173 publications

References 33 publications

Immune persistence after hepatitis B vaccination in infancy – Fact or fancy?

Immune persistence after hepatitis B vaccination in infancy – Fact or fancy?

Determinants of Long-term Protection After Hepatitis B Vaccination in Infancy

The effects of booster vaccination on hepatitis B vaccine in anti-HBs negative infants of HBsAg-positive mothers after primary vaccination

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