Humidified Warmed CO2 Treatment Therapy Strategies Can Save Lives With Mitigation and Suppression of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: An Evidence Review

Abstract

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak has presented enormous challenges for healthcare, societal, and economic systems worldwide. There is an urgent global need for a universal vaccine to cover all SARS-CoV-2 mutant strains to stop the current COVID-19 pandemic and the threat of an inevitable second wave of coronavirus. Carbon dioxide is safe and superior antimicrobial, which suggests it should be effective against coronaviruses and mutants thereof. Depending on the therapeutic regime, CO2 could also ameliorate other COVID-19 symptoms as it has also been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-cytokine effects, and to stimulate the human immune system. Moreover, CO2 has beneficial effects on respiratory physiology, cardiovascular health, and human nervous systems. This article reviews the rationale of early treatment by inhaling safe doses of warmed humidified CO2 gas, either alone or as a carrier gas to deliver other inhaled drugs may help save lives by suppressing SARS-CoV-2 infections and excessive inflammatory responses. We suggest testing this somewhat counter-intuitive, but low tech and safe intervention for its suitability as a preventive measure and treatment against COVID-19. Overall, development and evaluation of this therapy now may provide a safe and economical tool for use not only during the current pandemic but also for any future outbreaks of respiratory diseases and related conditions.

Carbon dioxide inhibits COVID-19-type proinflammatory responses through extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2, novel carbon dioxide sensors

“…Unlike dex and aspirin, CO 2 , which readily penetrates tissues and cells and acts independently of appropriate transporters, receptors and signalling pathways, inactivates mainly overactivated ERK1/2. Thus, our study supports previous report [ 59 ]. We encourage researchers to undertake further studies on CO 2 as a potential therapeutic agent for COVID-19.…”

Pulmonary surfactant and COVID-19: A new synthesis

“…Physiology of the endothelial surface layer and glycocalyces (Reines and Ninham, 2019;El-Betany et al, 2020) The glycocalyx of predominately sulphated glycosylated polymers that is ubiquitous and lines the veins of all mammals (chondroitin and heparin sulphate and sodium hyaluronate). It is about 50 nm thick.…”

Therapeutic hypercapnia. Review

“…However, in recent decades, attitudes towards hypercapnia have been changing, largely due to clinical practice and the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Already in the first wave of the pandemic, doctors confirmed the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cytokine effects of hypercapnia, as well as stimulation of the immune, cardiovascular and nervous systems as a preventive measure and treatment for COVID-19 [11].…”