Humidified ammonia/hydrogen RQL combustion in a trigeneration gas turbine cycle

Božo, Milana Guteša; Mashruk, Syed; Zitouni, S.; Valera‐Medina, Agustin

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2020.113625

Cited by 36 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Calculations for this cycle considered fuel preheating, steam preparation, and compressed air precooling. Very recently, Gutesa-Bozo et al 278 incorporated the CCHP cycle in an industry-scale system (Figure 32), fueled by 70:30 (vol %) ammonia/hydrogen in a humidified RQL combustion system, running at 9.67 bar and 960 K inlet conditions with φ = 1.2. The study generated cycle efficiency of ∼60% with ∼4970 kW th excess heat power after preparation of fuel and steam.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Ammonia as a Potential Fuel: From Synthesis to Economics

et al. 2021

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Ammonia, a molecule that is gaining more interest as a fueling vector, has been considered as a candidate to power transport, produce energy, and support heating applications for decades. However, the particular characteristics of the molecule always made it a chemical with low, if any, benefit once compared to conventional fossil fuels. Still, the current need to decarbonize our economy makes the search of new methods crucial to use chemicals, such as ammonia, that can be produced and employed without incurring in the emission of carbon oxides. Therefore, current efforts in this field are leading scientists, industries, and governments to seriously invest efforts in the development of holistic solutions capable of making ammonia a viable fuel for the transition toward a clean future. On that basis, this review has approached the subject gathering inputs from scientists actively working on the topic. The review starts from the importance of ammonia as an energy vector, moving through all of the steps in the production, distribution, utilization, safety, legal considerations, and economic aspects of the use of such a molecule to support the future energy mix. Fundamentals of combustion and practical cases for the recovery of energy of ammonia are also addressed, thus providing a complete view of what potentially could become a vector of crucial importance to the mitigation of carbon emissions. Different from other works, this review seeks to provide a holistic perspective of ammonia as a chemical that presents benefits and constraints for storing energy from sustainable sources. State-of-the-art knowledge provided by academics actively engaged with the topic at various fronts also enables a clear vision of the progress in each of the branches of ammonia as an energy carrier. Further, the fundamental boundaries of the use of the molecule are expanded to real technical issues for all potential technologies capable of using it for energy purposes, legal barriers that will be faced to achieve its deployment, safety and environmental considerations that impose a critical aspect for acceptance and wellbeing, and economic implications for the use of ammonia across all aspects approached for the production and implementation of this chemical as a fueling source. Herein, this work sets the principles, research, practicalities, and future views of a transition toward a future where ammonia will be a major energy player.

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Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Ammonia as a Potential Fuel: From Synthesis to Economics

et al. 2021

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“…The estimation of fugitive emissions during the storage and transport stage was based on the work of Al-Breiki and Bicer [32,33]. The power plant model was based on the operation cycle proposed by Guteša Božo et al [22] that uses a mix of humidified ammonia/hydrogen as fuel (NH 3 is partially cracked to produce a 30/70 H 2 /NH 3 blend). Figure 3 shows a representation of the power cycle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results show that using ammonia with hydrogen/steam blends potentially can reduce NO X in an order of magnitude, while combustion efficiencies remain high with the implementation of two-stage combustion systems. The works were expanded by Gutesa-Bozo et al [22], who presented an innovative cycle that uses ammonia for power generation and cooling and heating purposes. The results show that efficiencies of up to 60% can be achieved using ammonia blends.…”

Section: Razon Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Ammonia-Based Electricity

Boero

Kardux²,

Ковалева

et al. 2021

Energies

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In recent years, several researchers have studied the potential use of ammonia (NH3) as an energy vector, focused on the techno-economic advantages and challenges for full global deployment. The use of ammonia as fuel is seen as a strategy to support decarbonization; however, to confirm the sustainability of the shift to ammonia as fuel in thermal engines, a study of the environmental profile is needed. This paper aims to assess the environmental life cycle impacts of ammonia-based electricity generated in a combined heat and power cycle for different ammonia production pathways. A cradle-to-gate assessment was developed for both ammonia production and ammonia-based electricity generation. The results show that electrolysis-based ammonia from renewable and nuclear energy have a better profile in terms of global warming potential (0.09–0.70 t CO2-eq/t NH3), fossil depletion potential (3.62–213.56 kg oil-eq/t NH3), and ozone depletion potential (0.001–0.082 g CFC-11-eq/t NH3). In addition, surplus heat for district or industrial applications offsets some of the environmental burden, such as a more than 29% reduction in carbon footprint. In general, ammonia-based combined heat and power production presents a favorable environmental profile, for example, the carbon footprint ranges from −0.480 to 0.003 kg CO2-eq/kWh.

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“…A chemical reactor network (CRN), previously developed elsewhere (Guteša Božo et al 2021;Mashruk, Xiao, Valera-Medina 2020;Mashruk 2020), was employed to model the combustion zone, Figure 2. Mixing zones, flame zones, central recirculation zone (CRZ) and external recirculation zone (ERZ) were modeled by individual perfectly stirred reactors (PSR), and the volume and residence time for each PSR were obtained from previous RANS CFD analysis (Vigueras-Zuniga et al 2020).…”

Section: Chemical Kinetic Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The problem limits the ability of using CFD models to design new combustors fueled with ammonia/hydrogen blends. Recent works (Guteša Božo et al 2021;Pugh et al 2020) have shown the importance of NH 2 radicals in ammonia/hydrogen flames in terms of both flame propagation and NO x production/consumption. In that pursuit, this work has been undertaken to investigate the relationship of NH 2 radicals with other species of interest and track its change in reactivity at slightly elevated conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis on the Evolution of NH₂ in Ammonia/hydrogen Swirling Flames and Detailed Sensitivity Analysis under Elevated Conditions

Mashruk

Xiao

Pugh

et al. 2021

Combustion Science and Technology

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Ammonia/hydrogen blends have received some attention toward the development of new technologies focused on gas turbine combustion systems, as doping of hydrogen in ammonia enhances flame speed and stability while decreasing ignition energy. One of the challenges of these blends relies on the appropriate computational modeling of their combustion properties in combination with the complex hydrodynamics inherent to flow control techniques such as swirling flows, which are known to be the main method of flame stabilization in current gas turbines. Moreover, it is well-known that large reaction kinetic models are difficult to employ in these computational analyses, thus increasing the difficulty of obtaining reliable methods for the design of new combustors. Therefore, this research analyses a reduced chemical reaction mechanism, namely Okafor's mechanism, comparing its performance and accuracy against obtained experiments. Emission measurements and non-intrusive laser techniques (LDA) were employed to validate models running on CHEMKIN-PRO flow reactors and RANS Complex Chemistry. Once validated, the study identified the main contributors and reaction kinetics of NH 2 and NO consumption, hence evaluating the process via production rates and sensitivity analysis of various important reactions. The results depicted positive correlation between NH 2 formation and heat release, N 2 , H 2 O, N 2 O, NH, NNH, NO, O formation, whereas NH 3 , N 2 H 3 and NO 2 have shown negative correlation. Statistical correlations supported these findings but unfortunately were inconclusive to the impacts of vorticity and turbulence over the production/consumption of amidogen. Sensitivity analysis has shown NH 2 radicals and atomic N to be the main contributors of NO formation in the flame zone, although most of the NO formed in the flame zone shown to be consumed at the postflame zone due to the presence of NH x radicals and atomic N.

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Humidified ammonia/hydrogen RQL combustion in a trigeneration gas turbine cycle

Cited by 36 publications

References 57 publications

Review on Ammonia as a Potential Fuel: From Synthesis to Economics

Review on Ammonia as a Potential Fuel: From Synthesis to Economics

Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Ammonia-Based Electricity

Numerical Analysis on the Evolution of NH₂ in Ammonia/hydrogen Swirling Flames and Detailed Sensitivity Analysis under Elevated Conditions

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Humidified ammonia/hydrogen RQL combustion in a trigeneration gas turbine cycle

Cited by 36 publications

References 57 publications

Review on Ammonia as a Potential Fuel: From Synthesis to Economics

Review on Ammonia as a Potential Fuel: From Synthesis to Economics

Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Ammonia-Based Electricity

Numerical Analysis on the Evolution of NH2 in Ammonia/hydrogen Swirling Flames and Detailed Sensitivity Analysis under Elevated Conditions

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Numerical Analysis on the Evolution of NH₂ in Ammonia/hydrogen Swirling Flames and Detailed Sensitivity Analysis under Elevated Conditions