Humanized mice as preclinical models for myeloid malignancies

Mouse models of atopic dermatitis: a critical reappraisal

“…Since none of the mouse "AD" models discussed above convincingly mimics enough of the relevant characteristics of human AD (Table 2), investigators have turned to so-called "humanized" mice as being increasingly important in vivo models for the preclinical study of human skin pathology, including psoriasis and alopecia areata (Text S1). [126][127][128] "Humanized" mice are defined here as immunodeficient mice (SCID) that are xenotransplanted with relevant functional human biological systems, as opposed to "fully humanized" mice whose hematopoietic system has been reconstituted by a human one after mouse bone marrow radioablation. 129 While a humanized AD mouse model using human skin transplants has not yet been published, a very interesting humanized mouse model for acute human AD has recently been presented.…”

Design and Synthesis of Cathepsin-K-Activated Osteoadsorptive Fluorogenic Sentinel (OFS) Probes for Detecting Early Osteoclastic Bone Resorption in a Multiple Myeloma Mouse Model

“…These in vitro results encouraged us to explore OFS-1 activation in vivo. We selected a murine model for disease-induced osteolysis in multiple myeloma using NSG immunodeficient mice cografted with human CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells, liver, and thymus, which were irradiated to effect complete humanization of their immune regulatory and effector cells (NSG/BLT mice). , The osteoclast cells in the mice are also humanized in this model. To evaluate the potential of OFS-1 for imaging of abnormal Ctsk levels associated with engrafted multiple myeloma sites in the NSG/BLT model, RPMI-8226-Luc human multiple myeloma cells (15 × 10 6 cells per mouse) were administered by tail IV injection (100 μL) (Figure A).…”

Engineering human hematopoietic environments through ossicle and bioreactor technologies exploitation

“…Expression of human cytokines has improved the development of human innate immune cells in mice compared with earlier models (e.g., NOD/ Scid), thereby considerably improving the engraftment of different patient samples in these xenotransplantation settings [15]. The generation of murine recipient strains that are even more permissive for human hematopoiesis, native or diseased, is pursued through the suppression of innate immune responses or humanization of additional ligands (and is reviewed in detail elsewhere [33,34]). However, all these models rely on the engraftment of human HSPCs within mouse hematopoietic organs, particularly the mouse bone marrow and spleen.…”