Humanism, Reading, and English Literature 1430-1530

Wakelin, Daniel

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199215881.001.0001

Cited by 74 publications

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“…Cambridge, v.10, p. 205, jul. 1994.;WAKELIN, D. Humanism, reading, andEnglish literature: 1430-1530. Oxford;New York: Oxford University Press, 2007. p. 94.…”

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confidence: 99%

A conduta marcial inglesa na Guerra dos Cem Anos: um estudo sobre os ditames morais do conflito ao final da Idade Média (1400 – 1453)

Santos¹

2022

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Ao longo da primeira metade do século XV, o reino da França testemunhou expedições militares inglesas contra porções de seus domínios. Sob o pretexto de fazer cumprir o pleito dos monarcas Lancaster ao trono continental, a governação daqueles territórios durante a ocupação inglesa até primórdios da década de 1450 foi marcada, segundo relatos conhecidos, por instabilidades decorrentes da conduta inadequada dos guerreiros de um lado e de outro da contenda. Tais descaminhos foram alvo das inquietações registradas por letrados, a exemplo de William Worcester (1415-1480/5?), o qual denunciou em seu tratado Boke of Noblesse um fazer bélico contemporâneo descompassado, pouco virtuoso e marcado por desvios, distante, pois, dos modelos recomendados aos cristãos. Dessa forma, tão imprescindível quanto questionar características das empreitadas marciais por parte dos adversários franceses, os homens do quatrocentos julgaram ser incontornável o arrazoamento acerca do descomedimento dos próprios guerreiros ingleses, afinal, quando comparadas, as reflexões coevas apontam para a inobservância de elementos morais como o fator determinante de insucessos bélicos. Ao atentar para tal aspecto, o objetivo da presente obra é perquirir o que se julgou condenável no empreendimento das contendas, interrogando, a partir da produção escrita inglesa, a redefinição dos caminhos para a condução do conflito e dos planos de conquista. Em síntese, o livro em questão dispõe-se a questionar sobre uma fração particular da história da guerra: os juízos e avaliações morais sobre os combatentes, esmiuçando seu papel como espelho para interpretar a derrota inglesa em um dos mais significativos conflitos da Idade Média: a Guerra dos Cem Anos (1337 – 1453).

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“…Cambridge, v.10, p. 205, jul. 1994.;WAKELIN, D. Humanism, reading, andEnglish literature: 1430-1530. Oxford;New York: Oxford University Press, 2007. p. 94.…”

Section: Ssttmentioning

confidence: 99%

A conduta marcial inglesa na Guerra dos Cem Anos: um estudo sobre os ditames morais do conflito ao final da Idade Média (1400 – 1453)

Santos¹

2022

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“…Two were classical -Cicero's De senectute and De amicitiawhile the other had been composed earlier in his own century; it was De nobilitate by the Pistoian scholar and diplomat, Buonaccorso da Montemagno (d. 1429). 6 This last translation was to become in the following decade the main source of Henry Medwall's Fulgens and Lucres, the earliest English dramatic interlude, which was printed by John Rastell in the 1510s. 7 Caxton attributes the translation of both Buonaccorso's text and Cicero's De amicitia to 'the noble famous Erle, The Erle of wurcestre … which in his tyme flowred in vertue and cunnyng to whom I knewe none lyke emonge the lordes of the temporalite in science and moral vertue'.…”

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Before Shakespeare, during the Renaissance: John Tiptoft, Earl of Worcester (d. 1470) and the uses of Padua

Rundle

2023

Cahiers Élisabéthains: A Journal of English Renaissance Studies

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This article introduces the deep background to the interest in Italy and specifically Padua displayed by Shakespeare and his contemporaries by attending to the contrasts between their knowledge and that of English characters from a century earlier. Our guide will be John Tiptoft, Earl of Worcester (d. 1470). He was both well-travelled and much-hated in his homeland: he was accused of bringing home from his time abroad ‘the law Padowe’, that is, ‘the law of Padua’ – a penchant for summary justice and grisly execution. This article considers what Tiptoft's life and afterlife tells us about the changing place of Padua in the English imagination.

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“…In recent years, others have found in English in that century more classical influences than Spearing's trenchant book had room for (e.g. Nolan 2004;Wakelin 2007;Galloway 2008). But Spearing is right that new styles and modes of thought are challenged at their point of transmission to other people.…”

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Not Diane: The Risk of Error in Chaucerian Classicism

Wakelin

2017

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When Chaucer, Lydgate and their contemporaries made classical characters and classical allusions an important part of English poetry, they risked confusing scribes and readers. In the vein of recent studies of scribes as readers, this article explores the mistakes of scribes in copying and comprehending those details. In addition, this article explores the ways that poets' phrasing implies awareness of those risks and seeks to mitigate them. The article thus presents the creation of the text as a coproduction between agents, which might be understood in the framework of pragmatics, the analysis of speech acts in social context. These problems in transmission, and the forestalling of them, first reveal how classicism, which later became a monumental tradition, was a risky interaction in some of its earliest phases in English poetry. Second, more briefly and tentatively, these problems suggest the risks of writing for scribal transmission in general.In the late fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, poets in English increased the variety and frequency of classical allusions. From the work of Geoffrey Chaucer and John Gower onwards, writers showed off their classical pretensions to support their ambitions for poetry in English. The stylistic shift, from Bevis of Hampton to Hecuba of Troy, is often told as part of a larger one from 'medieval to Renaissance in English poetry'; so A. C. Spearing once put it, noting Chaucer's innovation in invocation of the Muses (1985: e.g. 24-28). We are learning how a renewed classical taste shaped ethics, theology and genre, especially for Chaucer and Lydgate (e.g. recently Minnis 2016; Edwards 2016), but there is more to learn about the stylistic changes in this poetry. These allusions might seem like hackneyed clichés after centuries of gods and fauns, but the style is not trivial: a stylistic tic can carry connotations and have implications for a poem's theory of history, its rhetorical effect and its political prestige. Even if we resist the 1 For brevity and clarity, the references use short titles for the following works: Thebes = Lydgate, The Siege of Thebes = Erdmann and Ekwall ed. 1911-30; Troy = Lydgate, Troy Book = Bergen 1906-35. Troilus = Chaucer, Troilus and Criseyde = Windeatt ed. 1984; Tales = Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales = Manly and Rickert ed. 1940. As citation of Tales is normally to the apparatus of Manly and Rickert ed. ( 1940), the few quotations not from MSS or Manly and Rickert's apparatus also come from their text, despite its flaws, and line-numbering is theirs.

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Humanism, Reading, and English Literature 1430-1530

Cited by 74 publications

References 0 publications

A conduta marcial inglesa na Guerra dos Cem Anos: um estudo sobre os ditames morais do conflito ao final da Idade Média (1400 – 1453)

A conduta marcial inglesa na Guerra dos Cem Anos: um estudo sobre os ditames morais do conflito ao final da Idade Média (1400 – 1453)

Before Shakespeare, during the Renaissance: John Tiptoft, Earl of Worcester (d. 1470) and the uses of Padua

Not Diane: The Risk of Error in Chaucerian Classicism

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