Human V6: The Medial Motion Area

Pitzalis, Sabrina; Sereno, Martin I.; Committeri, Giorgia; Fattori, Patrizia; Galati, Gaspare; Patria, Fabiana; Galletti, Claudio

doi:10.1093/cercor/bhp112

Cited by 198 publications

(403 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(217 reference statements)

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“…The strong bilateral activation of occipitotemporal areas appears consistent with the known responses of the EBA (Downing et al, 2001;Myers and Sowden, 2008;Costantini et al, 2011). We also found strong activation of SPL areas traditionally associated with multisensory representation of peripersonal space (Duhamel et al, 1998;Pitzalis et al, 2010). We note there appears to be little overlap between this visual body network and the classic pain network.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Linking Pain and the Body: Neural Correlates of Visually Induced Analgesia

Longo¹,

Iannetti²,

Mancini³

et al. 2012

J. Neurosci.

131

138

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The visual context of seeing the body can reduce the experience of acute pain, producing a multisensory analgesia. Here we investigated the neural correlates of this "visually induced analgesia" using fMRI. We induced acute pain with an infrared laser while human participants looked either at their stimulated right hand or at another object. Behavioral results confirmed the expected analgesic effect of seeing the body, while fMRI results revealed an associated reduction of laser-induced activity in ipsilateral primary somatosensory cortex (SI) and contralateral operculoinsular cortex during the visual context of seeing the body. We further identified two known cortical networks activated by sensory stimulation: (1) a set of brain areas consistently activated by painful stimuli (the so-called "pain matrix"), and (2) an extensive set of posterior brain areas activated by the visual perception of the body ("visual body network"). Connectivity analyses via psychophysiological interactions revealed that the visual context of seeing the body increased effective connectivity (i.e., functional coupling) between posterior parietal nodes of the visual body network and the purported pain matrix. Increased connectivity with these posterior parietal nodes was seen for several pain-related regions, including somatosensory area SII, anterior and posterior insula, and anterior cingulate cortex. These findings suggest that visually induced analgesia does not involve an overall reduction of the cortical response elicited by laser stimulation, but is consequent to the interplay between the brain's pain network and a posterior network for body perception, resulting in modulation of the experience of pain.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Linking Pain and the Body: Neural Correlates of Visually Induced Analgesia

Longo¹,

Iannetti²,

Mancini³

et al. 2012

J. Neurosci.

131

138

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Indeed, Figures 2 and 3 show that a polar angle map consistent with a hemifield representation extends dorsally from the central representation of the MT/V5 cluster. Its lower vertical meridian (LVM) is located caudally (i.e., on the side of LO1-2) and the upper vertical meridian (UVM) rostrally, defining the borders of area MT/V5 (Georgieva et al, 2009;Pitzalis et al, 2010). These features are very similar to those of the monkey retinotopic map in which the center of the MT/V5 cluster is separated from V4d by an eccentricity ridge and the lower vertical In C and D, the white lines indicate the isopolar lines of the MT/V5 (n ϭ 16) and phPIT (n ϭ 8) clusters and the LO regions (n ϭ 9).…”

Section: Retinotopic Organization Of the Mt/v5 Clustermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the organization proposed for these two areas differed substantially from that in the monkey , and the two other members of the cluster, V4t and FST, were not identified. Given the growing evidence that visual cortical areas are more sensitive to motion in humans than in monkeys (Preuss et al, 1999;Vanduffel et al, 2002), it is unlikely that the human MT/V5 complex would contain fewer areas than its monkey counterpart (Pitzalis et al, 2010). Furthermore, FST in monkeys is sensitive to shape, responding more strongly to intact than to scrambled images of objects (Nelissen et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Retinotopic Organization of the Human Middle Temporal Area MT/V5 and Its Cortical Neighbors

Kolster¹,

Peeters²,

Orban³

2010

Journal of Neuroscience

332

411

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Although there is general agreement that the human middle temporal (MT)/V5ϩ complex corresponds to monkey area MT/V5 proper plus a number of neighboring motion-sensitive areas, the identification of human MT/V5 within the complex has proven difficult. Here, we have used functional magnetic resonance imaging and the retinotopic mapping technique, which has very recently disclosed the organization of the visual field maps within the monkey MT/V5 cluster. We observed a retinotopic organization in humans very similar to that documented in monkeys: an MT/V5 cluster that includes areas MT/V5, pMSTv (putative ventral part of the medial superior temporal area), pFST (putative fundus of the superior temporal area), and pV4t (putative V4 transitional zone), and neighbors a more ventral putative human posterior inferior temporal area (phPIT) cluster. The four areas in the MT/V5 cluster and the two areas in the phPIT cluster each represent the complete contralateral hemifield. The complete MT/V5 cluster comprises 70% of the motion localizer activation. Human MT/V5 is located in the region bound by lateral, anterior, and inferior occipital sulci and occupies only one-fifth of the motion complex. It shares the basic functional properties of its monkey homolog: receptive field size relative to other areas, response to moving and static stimuli, as well as sensitivity to three-dimensional structure from motion. Functional properties sharply distinguish the MT/V5 cluster from its immediate neighbors in the phPIT cluster and the LO (lateral occipital) regions. Together with similarities in retinotopic organization and topological neighborhood, the functional properties suggest that MT/V5 in human and macaque cortex are homologous.

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“…One VFM called V6 lies along the parieto-occipital sulcus just anterior to the peripheral representation of V3d [88,89]. V6 represents the contralateral hemifield, with an inferior upper vertical meridian running superiorly to the lower vertical meridian representation and a distinct eccentricity gradient that extends far into the periphery.…”

Section: Visual Field Maps In Posterior Parietal Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%