Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells accelerate and increase implant osseointegration in diabetic rats

Abstract

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells accelerate and increase implant osseointegration in diabetic ratsObjective: This study was conducted to assess the effect of hUCMSCs injection on the osseointegration of dental implant in diabetic rats via Runtrelated Transcription Factor 2 (Runx2), Osterix (Osx), osteoblasts, and Bone Implant Contact (BIC). Methodology: The research design was a true experimental design using Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain. Rattus norvegicus were injected with streptozotocin to induce experimental diabetes mellitus.The right femur was drilled and loaded with titanium implant. Approximately 1 mm from proximal and distal implant site were injected with hUCMSCs. The control group was given only gelatin solvent injection. After 2 and 4 weeks of observation, the rats were sacrificed for further examination around implant site using immunohistochemistry staining (RUNX2 and Osterix expression), hematoxylin eosin staining, and bone implant contact area. Data analysis was done using ANOVA test. Results: Data indicated a significant difference in Runx2 expression (p<0.001), osteoblasts (p<0.009), BIC value (p<0.000), and Osterix expression (p<0.002). In vivo injection of hUCMSCs successfully increased Runx2, osteoblasts, and BIC value significantly, while decreased Osterix expression, indicating an acceleration of the bone maturation process. Conclusion:The results proved hUCMSCs to accelerate and enhance implant osseointegration in diabetic rat models.

Tissue engineering innovations to enhance osseointegration in immediate dental implant loading: A narrative review

“…In patients with uncontrolled diseases like uncontrolled diabetes, however, implant placement success rates are lower, especially in the first two to 4 weeks after placement. [38][39][40] Some current tissue engineering innovations to enhance osseointegration in immediate dental implant loading are listed in Table 1.…”