Human-type blood group activities on chimpanzee erythrocytes with special reference to M and N

Abstract

Human-type blood group activities on the red blood cells (RBCs) of three chimpanzees were individually examined with commercial mouse monoclonal antibodies (anti-A, -B, -H, -M, -N, -Lea, and -Leb) as well as lectins (UEA-I and VGA) and conventional polyclonal antisera for the systems ABO, MN, Lewis, Rh-Hr, P, Kell, Kidd, Duffy, and Lutheran. For further analysis of the MN antigens, treatment of the RBCs with sialidase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin were employed. The activities recognized among the three chimpanzees were A, H, M, N, Leb, c, S, k, and Jka. The RBCs of the three individuals possessed the A antigen which showed the same serologic activity as the human A1. Those chimpanzee RBCs showed higher H-activity than the human A1 RBCs. The Lewis b activity was revealed by the absorption-elution method. The RBCs of the three individuals showed a reactivity to the polyclonal anti-M reagents, which was affected by both the sialidase and trypsin treatment. The RBCs of two individuals were agglutinated with the monoclonal anti-N. The receptor was sensitive to sialidase and chymotrypsin. The RBCs of the three individuals, however, did not react with the monoclonal anti-M or with one of the polyclonal anti-N. These results indicate structural differences in the glycophorins and MN antigens between the human and chimpanzee.

Species identification based on the point mutations of histo-blood group ABO genes by PCR-RFLP and direct sequencing

“…DNA analysis has been also applied to species identification (Tajima et al 1989;Naito et al 1992;Guglich et al 1993Guglich et al , 1994Stucki et al 1993;Oorschot et al 1994;Soteriou et al 1995;Sparkes et al 1996). From the view point of difference in the Alu and Myo loci, human DNA could be discriminated from mouse, rat, dog and deer DNA, but not from Japanese monkey or chimpanzee DNA, since there was hardly any difference in the Alu and Myo repeated sequences between human and Japanese monkey or chimpanzee (Tajima et al 1990).…”

“…For forensic species identification, blood components such as serum albumin, immunoglobulin, hemoglobin, M and N substances, and phosphoglucose isomerase have been used (Robinson and Osterhoff 1983;Oshima and Hara 1984;Pex and Wolfe 1985;Takayasu et al 1988;Yamamoto et al 1989). With the advance of DNA analysis, genedetection procedures using DNA fingerprints or PCR have also been available for species identification (Tajima et al 1989;Blackett and Keim 1992;Guglich et al 1993Guglich et al , 1994Soteriou et al 1995).…”