Human subcutaneous adipose cells support complete differentiation but not self‐renewal of hematopoietic progenitors

Abstract

Adipose tissue is now considered as an endocrine organ implicated in energy regulation, inflammation and immune response, and as a source of multipotent cells with a broad range of differentiation capacities. Some of these cells are of a mesenchymal type which can -- like their bone marrow (BM) counterpart -- support hematopoiesis, since in a previous study we were able to reconstitute lethally irradiated mice by cells isolated from adipose tissue. In the present study, we established that cells derived from the stroma-vascular fraction of human subcutaneous fat pads support the complete differentiation of hematopoietic progenitors into myeloid and B lymphoid cells. However, these cells are unable to maintain the survival and self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells. These features, similar to those of BM adipocytes, are the opposite of those of other cell types derived from mesenchymal progenitors such as BM myofibroblasts or osteoblasts. Because it is abundant and accessible, adipose tissue could be a convenient source of cells for the short-term reconstitution of hematopoiesis in man.

A method for the measurement of lactate, glycerol and fatty acid production from14C-glucose in primary cultures of rat epididymal adipocytes

“…We have also found that WAT contains a full urea cycle 58 and a potentially active amino acid metabolism 14 . The results obtained, and a growing list of unique capabilities of WAT [59][60][61][62][63][64] has decided us to focus on the quantitative analysis of WAT metabolism. Thus, we checked these parameters against the known functional and morphologic differences of WAT sites [65][66][67] , and their modulation by sex and diet 14,68 , as well as, especially, the effects of metabolic syndrome 69,70 .…”

Adipocytic Cells Augment the Support of Primitive Hematopoietic Cells In Vitro But Have No Effect in the Bone Marrow Niche Under Homeostatic Conditions

“…This is predominantly due to opposing findings of multiple studies. It was originally assumed that adipocytes were simply passive space fillers in the BM upon observing the turnover of red marrow to yellow marrow attributable to age [7]. Naveiras et al, however, identified a reduction in HSC number after comparing adipocyte-rich tail vertebrae marrow with that of adipocyte-free thoracic vertebrae and noted an accelerated recovery after BM ablation of genetically modified fatless mice [8].…”

Kemik İliği Stroması: Hücreleri ve Mikroçevresi

“…Adipositler, kısmen GM-CSF ve G-CSF gibi büyüme faktörlerinin az üretilmesinden dolayı, farklılaşmamış stromal veya preadipocytic benzerlerine göre, in vitro olarak hematopoezi daha az desteklemektedir (Corre et al, 2006). Ayrıca adipoz doku, her biri, hematopoietik proliferasyonu engelleyen nöropilin-1'i (Belaid-Choucair et al, 2008), lipokalin 2'yi (Miharada et al, 2008;Yan et al, 2007), adiponektini ve tümör nekroz faktörünü-α (TNF-α) salgılamaktadır.…”