Human spatial memory implicitly prioritizes high-calorie foods

Vries, Rachelle de; Morquecho-Campos, Paulina; Vet, Emely de; Rijk, Mariëlle G de; Postma, Elbrich M.; Graaf, Kees de; Engel, B.; Boesveldt, Sanne

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-72570-x

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In addition, a large body of evidence indicates that specific foods, such as whole, plant-based foods, have the potential to reduce inflammatory activity ( Ricker and Haas, 2017 ), while accumulating evidence indicates that dietary habits also influence sleep physiology ( St-Onge et al., 2016 ; Frank et al., 2017 ). Finally, limited data from both animal ( Ross et al., 2009 ; Zhao et al., 2017 ; Henry and Stoner, 2011 ; Rendeiro et al., 2013 ) and human studies ( de Vries et al., 2020 ) have suggested that shifts in dietary habits might also impact spatial memory processes.…”

Section: Interventions Targeting Sleep Disturbance and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of sleep disturbance and inflammation for spatial memory

Piber

2021

Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health

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Spatial memory is a brain function involved in multiple behaviors such as planning a route or recalling an object's location. The formation of spatial memory relies on the homeostasis of various biological systems, including healthy sleep and a well-functioning immune system. While sleep is thought to promote the stabilization and storage of spatial memories, considerable evidence shows that the immune system modulates neuronal processes underlying spatial memory such as hippocampal neuroplasticity, long-term potentiation, and neurogenesis. Conversely, when sleep is disturbed and/or states of heightened immune activation occur, hippocampal regulatory pathways are altered, which – on a behavioral level - may result in spatial memory impairments. In this Brief Review , I summarize how sleep and the immune system contribute to spatial memory processes. In addition, I present emerging evidence suggesting that sleep disturbance and inflammation might jointly impair spatial memory. Finally, potentials of integrated strategies that target sleep disturbance and inflammation to possibly mitigate risk for spatial memory impairment are discussed.

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Section: Interventions Targeting Sleep Disturbance and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of sleep disturbance and inflammation for spatial memory

Piber

2021

Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health

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“…Olfaction has been described as an inherently emotionally evocative sense and is well integrated with the limbic system (Soudry et al, 2011). Olfaction is involved in detecting and identifying health hazards (e.g., fire, bad food) and food and nutrition (de Vries et al, 2020;Stevenson, 2010). This link between olfaction and survival might explain the emotional nature of the olfactory system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Effects of Valenced Odors on Face Perception and Evaluation

Syrjänen¹,

Fischer

Liuzza

et al. 2021

i-Perception

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How do valenced odors affect the perception and evaluation of facial expressions? We reviewed 25 studies published from 1989 to 2020 on cross-modal behavioral effects of odors on the perception of faces. The results indicate that odors may influence facial evaluations and classifications in several ways. Faces are rated as more arousing during simultaneous odor exposure, and the rated valence of faces is affected in the direction of the odor valence. For facial classification tasks, in general, valenced odors, whether pleasant or unpleasant, decrease facial emotion classification speed. The evidence for valence congruency effects was inconsistent. Some studies found that exposure to a valenced odor facilitates the processing of a similarly valenced facial expression. The results for facial evaluation were mirrored in classical conditioning studies, as faces conditioned with valenced odors were rated in the direction of the odor valence. However, the evidence of odor effects was inconsistent when the task was to classify faces. Furthermore, using a z-curve analysis, we found clear evidence for publication bias. Our recommendations for future research include greater consideration of individual differences in sensation and cognition, individual differences (e.g., differences in odor sensitivity related to age, gender, or culture), establishing standardized experimental assessments and stimuli, larger study samples, and embracing open research practices.

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“…Put generally, value information is expected to serve as input to any and all systems whose use of value information would have redounded in net fitness benefits ancestrally. There is evidence that food value information, for instance, is used internally to regulate-in addition to social value and social emotions-appetite (Hinton et al, 2004), visual attention (Motoki et al, 2018; see also Krajbich et al, 2010), spatial memory (New et al, 2007;de Vries et al, 2020), foraging decisions (Hill et al, 1987), sharing decisions (Gurven, 2004;Kaplan et al, 1985;Kaplan et al, 2012), disgust and nausea (Profet, 1992), and food taboos (Fessler et al, 2002;Henrich & Henrich, 2010;Navarrete & Fessler, 2003). How and where human value information is computed and routed internallythe human valuome-is yet to be mapped comprehensively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human values: A cognitive perspective

Sznycer¹

2021

Preprint

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Things afford positive, neutral, or negative long-run effects on the replicative probability of the focal individual’s genes. At the most general level, values are internal estimates of those effects. Value information steers physiology and behavior in the right direction: approach apple, avoid lion. Thus, value computation is of paramount biological importance. Task analysis suggests there are many prerequisites for valuing things aptly. Here, I focus on two: the need to compute value accurately, and the need to properly feed and integrate value information into the various systems that use value information (e.g., emotion). For example, the subjective food value imputed to an apple needs to reflect the nutrient content of the apple (accuracy); the intensity of gratitude aroused if someone gave you an apple needs to reflect the food value imputed to the apple (integration). Here, I evaluate these hypotheses with two preregistered studies. Consistent with the integration hypothesis, there are close correspondences between (i) the food values that participants impute to each of 40 food items (Study 1; goods) and (ii) the social values and the social emotions (including: gratitude, anger, shame, and pride) that result when those food items occur as constituents of broader social events. Similar correspondences are observed when participants evaluate each of 28 diseases and injuries (Study 2; bads). Consistent with the accuracy hypothesis, exploratory analyses indicate that the food values, the social values, and the social emotions elicited by the food items all track the nutrient content of those food items. Valuation is inherently a computational process. For this reason, a cognitive perspective is distinctively suited to spur progress in our understanding of human values.

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Human spatial memory implicitly prioritizes high-calorie foods

Cited by 21 publications

References 27 publications

The role of sleep disturbance and inflammation for spatial memory

The role of sleep disturbance and inflammation for spatial memory

A Review of the Effects of Valenced Odors on Face Perception and Evaluation

Human values: A cognitive perspective

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