Human spasmolytic polypeptide is a cytoprotective agent that stimulates cell migration

Pathophysiological Investigation of the Gastric Surface Mucous Gel Layer of Patients with Helicobacter pylori Infection by Using Immunoassays for Trefoil Factor Family 2 and Gastric Gland Mucous Cell-Type Mucin in Gastric Juice

“…Interestingly, previous reports have also shown that secreted TFF2 was trapped in the mucoid cap covering the damaged mucosa together with gland mucous cell mucin and adhered to the sites of mucosal damage [12,14]. TFF2 has been reported to promote epithelial restitution [30,31]; this finding suggests that secreted TFF2 may play a role in healing and repairing gastric mucosal lesion. The increase in TFF2 and gland mucous cell mucin in H.…”

Insights into the Mechanisms of Gastric Adaptation to Aspirin-Induced Injury: A Role for Regenerating Protein but Not Trefoil Peptides

“…Trefoil peptide synthesis in the gastric mucosa is induced after acute and extensive ulceration caused by exposure to cryoprobes, acetic acid, or large doses of NSAIDs (Alison et al, 1995;Ulaganathan et al, 2001) and also after acute severe injury induced by water immersion and restraint stress and indomethacin (Konturek et al, 1997;Playford et al, 1995). Our results show that the In situ hybridization of RegI in rat gastric epithelium.…”

“…Studies aimed at investigating their function in the gut have shown that the trefoils enhance epithelial defense mechanisms by interacting with, and likely stabilizing mucins (Kindon et al, 1995;Rio et al, 1988;Tomasetto et al, 2000); stimulate migration of epithelial cells, thereby aiding the restitutive phase of epithelial repair Dignass et al, 1994;Playford et al, 1995); and possibly play roles in cellular differentiation and glandular renewal (Cook et al, 1997;Familari et al, 1998;Taupin et al, 2001). These properties suggest that the trefoil peptides might also be candidates for mediating adaptation.…”

The Role of Capsaicin-Sensitive Afferent Nerves in Gastric Mucosal Protection Initiated Centrally or Peripherally under Experimental Conditions

“…Transforming growth factor β (TGF-ß) is also involved in mucosal defense, but in contrast to other growth factors, it regulates the epithelial proliferation, it halts the proliferation of epithelial cells once they have left the crypts or glands. In addition, it is also a potent stimulant of cell migration [48][49][50]). Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is secreted as inactive precursor and than converted to an active form.…”