Human Skeletal Stem Cell Response to Multiscale Topography Induced by Large Area Electron Beam Irradiation Surface Treatment

Abstract

The healthcare socio-economic environment is irreversibly changing as a consequence of an increasing aging population, consequent functional impairment, and patient quality of life expectations. The increasing complexity of ensuing clinical scenarios compels a critical search for novel musculoskeletal regenerative and replacement strategies. While joint arthroplasty is a highly effective treatment for arthritis and osteoporosis, further innovation and refinement of uncemented implants are essential in order to improve implant integration and reduce implant revision rate. This is critical given financial restraints and the drive to improve cost-effectiveness and quality of life outcomes. Multi-scale modulation of implant surfaces, offers an innovative approach to enhancement in implant performance. In the current study, we have examined the potential of large area electron beam melting to alter the surface nanotopography in titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V). We evaluated the in vitro osteogenic response of human skeletal stem cells to the resultant nanotopography, providing evidence of the relationship between the biological response, particularly Collagen type I and Osteocalcin gene activation, and surface nanoroughness. The current studies demonstrate osteogenic gene induction and morphological cell changes to be significantly enhanced on a topography Ra of ~40 nm with clinical implications therein for implant surface treatment and generation.

<p>Directional Osteo-Differentiation Effect of hADSCs on Nanotopographical Self-Assembled Polystyrene Nanopit Surfaces</p>

“…33 Cellular responses to a biomaterial surface are closely related to the surface chemistry and surface topographical structures. 34 In the present study, the effects of surface chemistry can be ignored, because the same PS material is used for fabricating the surface. The only difference was the diameter of the PS nanosphere.…”

Designing a novel vacuum aspiration system to decellularize large-size enthesis with preservation of physicochemical and biological properties

“…Given that the surface topography of scaffolds directly affects cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation (51)(52)(53), SEM was used to evaluate the surface topography of the NET, C-AEM, and O-AEM comparatively. Our results show that both O-AEM and C-AEM exhibited a similar surface topography with native enthesis.…”

Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells as response to periodical microstructured Ti6Al4V surfaces

“…However, the in vivo ability of hMSC to contribute to tissue repair and wound healing depends strictly on their microenvironment (Uccelli, Moretta, & Pistoia, ). Surface topography is a biomaterial‐related way to alter this microenvironment (Brunette & Chehroudi, ) thus influencing hMSC adhesion (Kaivosoja et al, ), morphology (Abagnale et al, ), viability (Goriainov et al, ), and differentiation (Dalby et al, ). In this study, we focused on analyzing the initial response of hMSC to a modified periodical pattern in the micrometer range on Ti6Al4V surfaces, realized by an electron beam structuring process.…”