Human sex differences in emotional processing of own-race and other-race faces

Ran, Guangming; Xiao-ming, Chen; Pan, Yangu

doi:10.1097/wnr.0000000000000158

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Although a wealth of research has examined facial processing (Luo et al, 2010; Schmitz et al, 2012; Ran et al, 2014a), there is no study that directly investigates the influences of the top-down prediction on the emotional face perception in social anxiety. In the present study, we reported a clear effect of prediction at the behavioral level.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electroencephalograph was recorded at 64 scalp sites using tin electrodes mounted in an elastic cap (Brain Products, Munchen, Germany), with a reference on FCz electrode (Herrmann et al, 2007; Caharel et al, 2011; Ran et al, 2014a). The vertical electrooculogram (EOG) was recorded with electrodes placed below the right eye and the horizontal EOG was recorded from the right orbital rim.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epochs were from -200 to 1200 ms relative to the onset of the target face, using a 200 ms pre-stimulus baseline. The electrode position and time window for each component in the current study were chosen according to inspection of the grand mean ERPs, as well as previous studies (Luo et al, 2010; Schmitz et al, 2012; Ran et al, 2014a,b). The P100 component (70–130 ms) and posterior P200 component (200–260 ms) were determined over O1/O2, PO3/PO4, and P3/P4 electrodes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As fundamental emotional stimuli, emotional faces convey important information in social interactions (Luo et al, 2010; Ran et al, 2014a). An increasing number of electrophysiological studies have investigated the time course of emotional face processing in social anxiety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Top-Down Prediction on Emotional Face Processing in Social Anxiety

Ran

Chen

2017

Front. Psychol.

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There is evidence that people with social anxiety show abnormal processing of emotional faces. To investigate the impact of top-down prediction on emotional face processing in social anxiety, brain responses of participants with high and low social anxiety (LSA) were recorded, while they performed a variation of the emotional task, using high temporal resolution event-related potential techniques. Behaviorally, we reported an effect of prediction with higher accuracy for predictable than unpredictable faces. Furthermore, we found that participants with high social anxiety (HSA), but not with LSA, recognized angry faces more accurately than happy faces. For the P100 and P200 components, HSA participants showed enhanced brain activity for angry faces compared to happy faces, suggesting a hypervigilance to angry faces. Importantly, HSA participants exhibited larger N170 amplitudes in the right hemisphere electrodes than LSA participants when they observed unpredictable angry faces, but not when the angry faces were predictable. This probably reflects the top-down prediction improving the deficiency at building a holistic face representation in HSA participants.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Top-Down Prediction on Emotional Face Processing in Social Anxiety

Ran

Chen

2017

Front. Psychol.

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“…shown that interactions between the gender and ethnicity of the observer and that of the individual showing an emotional expression can influence lateralisation (Bourne, 2005;Gasbarri et al, 2007;Rahman & Anchassi, 2012;Ran, Chen & Pan, 2014). For example, men can show greater right-sided lateralisation than women when viewing happy faces (Bourne, 2005), and at a finer level, men show greater right-sided lateralisation than women when noticing vigilance and threat in male rather than female faces (Rahman & Anchassi, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional Correlates of Unirhinal Odor Identification

Sakel

Wilkinson²,

Moreno³

et al. 2015

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

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It seems self-evident that smell profoundly shapes emotion, but less clear is the nature of this interaction. Here we sought to determine whether the ability to identify odors co-varies with self-reported feelings of empathy and emotional expression recognition, as predicted if the two capacities draw on common resource. Thirty six neurotypical volunteers were administered the Alberta Smell Test, The Interpersonal Reactivity Index and an emotional expression recognition task. Statistical analyses indicated that feelings of emotional empathy positively correlated with odor discrimination in right nostril, while the recognition of happy and fearful facial expressions positively correlated with odor discrimination in left nostril.These results uncover new links between olfactory discrimination and emotion which, given the ipsilateral configuration of the olfactory projections, point towards intra-rather than interhemispheric interaction. The results also provide novel support for the proposed lateralisation of emotional empathy and the recognition of facial expression, and give reason to further explore the diagnostic sensitivity of smell tests because reduced sensitivity to othersÕ emotions can mark the onset of certain neurological diseases.

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Reduced spatial frequency differentiation and sex‐related specificities in fearful face detection in autism: Insights from EEG and the predictive brain model

Lacroix,

Harquel,

Barbosa

et al. 2024

Autism Research

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Face processing relies on predictive processes driven by low spatial frequencies (LSF) that convey coarse information prior to fine information conveyed by high spatial frequencies. However, autistic individuals might have atypical predictive processes, contributing to facial processing difficulties. This may be more normalized in autistic females, who often exhibit better socio‐communicational abilities than males. We hypothesized that autistic females would display a more typical coarse‐to‐fine processing for socio‐emotional stimuli compared to autistic males. To test this hypothesis, we asked adult participants (44 autistic, 51 non‐autistic) to detect fearful faces among neutral faces, filtered in two orders: from coarse‐to‐fine (CtF) and from fine‐to‐coarse (FtC). Results show lower d’ values and longer reaction times for fearful detection in autism compared to non‐autistic (NA) individuals, regardless of the filtering order. Both groups presented shorter P100 latency after CtF compared to FtC, and larger amplitude for N170 after FtC compared to CtF. However, autistic participants presented a reduced difference in source activity between CtF and FtC in the fusiform. There was also a more spatially spread activation pattern in autistic females compared to NA females. Finally, females had faster P100 and N170 latencies, as well as larger occipital activation for FtC sequences than males, irrespective of the group. Overall, the results do not suggest impaired predictive processes from LSF in autism despite behavioral differences in fear detection. However, they do indicate reduced brain modulation by spatial frequency in autism. In addition, the findings highlight sex differences that warrant consideration in understanding autistic females.

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Human sex differences in emotional processing of own-race and other-race faces

Cited by 19 publications

References 21 publications

The Impact of Top-Down Prediction on Emotional Face Processing in Social Anxiety

The Impact of Top-Down Prediction on Emotional Face Processing in Social Anxiety

Emotional Correlates of Unirhinal Odor Identification

Reduced spatial frequency differentiation and sex‐related specificities in fearful face detection in autism: Insights from EEG and the predictive brain model

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