Human serum antibodies to extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) of moulds

Notermans, S.; Dufrenne, J.; Wijnands, Lucas M.; Engel, H. W. B.

doi:10.1080/02681218880000051

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The antibody recognizes a galactomannan epitope that contains galactofuranose, a polysaccharide present in various moulds, including Fusarium species [13], [14]. Therefore, cross-reactivity of the GMI test with other fungi may occur, Occasional cases of fusariosis with positive GMI had been reported [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earlier Diagnosis of Invasive Fusariosis with Aspergillus Serum Galactomannan Testing

et al. 2014

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Cross-reactivity of Fusarium species with serum galactomannan antigen (GMI) test has been observed. We sought to evaluate if GMI could help to early diagnose invasive fusariosis and to monitor treatment response. We reviewed the records of all patients with invasive fusariosis between 2008 and 2012 in three Brazilian hospitals. We selected patients who had at least 1 GMI test within 2 days before or after the date of the first clinical manifestation of fusariosis, and analyzed the temporal relationship between the first positive GMI test and the date of the diagnosis of invasive fusariosis, and the kinetics of GMI in relation to patients' response to treatment. We also selected 18 controls to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the test. Among 18 patients, 15 (83%) had at least one positive GMI (median 4, range 1–15). The sensitivity and specificity of was 83% and 67%, respectively. GMI was positive before the diagnosis of invasive fusariosis in 11 of the 15 cases (73%), at a median of 10 days (range 3–39), and after the diagnosis in 4 cases. GMI became negative in 8 of the 15 patients; 3 of these 8 patients (37.5%) were alive 90 days after the diagnosis of fusariosis compared with 2 of 7 (29%) who did not normalize GMI (p = 1.0). GMI is frequently positive in invasive fusariosis, and becomes positive before diagnosis in most patients. These findings may have important implications for the choice of antifungal therapy in settings with high prevalence of invasive fusariosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earlier Diagnosis of Invasive Fusariosis with Aspergillus Serum Galactomannan Testing

et al. 2014

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“…from 17% of throat specimens of 27 nonhospitalized healthy adults, primarily medical school students (44). The presence of high levels of antibodies to extracellular polysaccharides of molds in the sera of 125 healthy subjects indicates that healthy humans are frequently in contact with the fungal extracellular polysaccharides, presumably by inhalation (157). Fusarium spp.…”

Section: Esophageal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomy, biology, and clinical aspects of Fusarium species

1994

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There are several taxonomic systems available for identifying Fusarium species. The philosophy used in each taxonomic system is discussed as well as problems encountered in working with Fusarium species in culture. Fusarium species are toxigenic, and the mycotoxins produced by these organisms are often associated with animal and human diseases. The implications for the association of the carcinogens, fumonisins, produced by Fusarium moniliforme and other Fusarium species with human diseases are discussed. Foreign-body-associated fusarial infection such as keratitis in contact lens wearers, onychomycosis, skin infections, and disseminated multiorgan infections are discussed. Disseminated fusarial hyalohyphomycosis has emerged as a significant, usually fatal infection in the immunocompromised host. Successful outcome is determined by the degree of immunosuppression, the extent of the infection, and the presence of a removable focus such as an indwelling central venous catheter. These infections may be clinically suspected on the basis of a constellation of clinical and laboratory findings, which should lead to prompt therapy, probably with one of the newer antifungal agents. Perhaps the use of such agents or the use of colony-stimulating factors may improve the outcome of this devastating infection. However, until new approaches for treatment develop, effective preventive measures are urgently needed.

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“…leycettanus and B. nivea, which reacted only at concentrations higher than 300 µg ml −" . This may indicate that the (1 5)-β-galactofuranose residues are immunodominant as in the extracellular polysaccharides of Penicillium and Aspergillus (Notermans et al, 1988 Mycelium of P. variotii reacted specifically with serum anti-F1S-B of the same species (Fig. 4), indicating the accessibility of the epitope in the hyphae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Galactomannans from the cell walls of species of Paecilomyces sect. Paecilomyces and their teleomorphs as immunotaxonomic markers

et al. 1999

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An alkali-extractable and water-soluble fraction (F1S) was obtained from cell walls of Paecilomyces variotii and species of the related genera Talaromyces, Byssochlamys and Thermoascus. The structure of the main polysaccharide of these fractions was studied and found to consist of a core of (1 6)-α-mannopyranose partially substituted at O-2 by chains of galactofuranose and shorter chains of mannopyranose. The differences in the regularity of the branching points and the length of the galactofuranose side chains are useful to distinguish between species. These differences were detected by immunological methods, since highly specific polyclonal antibodies were raised against these polysaccharides. Mycelium of P. variotii CBS 990.73A was stained by indirect immunofluorescence. The polysaccharides studied in this work differ from the one described for species from section Isarioidea, and this is another indication of the heterogeneity of the genus Paecilomyces.

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Human serum antibodies to extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) of moulds

Cited by 30 publications

References 15 publications

Earlier Diagnosis of Invasive Fusariosis with Aspergillus Serum Galactomannan Testing

Earlier Diagnosis of Invasive Fusariosis with Aspergillus Serum Galactomannan Testing

Taxonomy, biology, and clinical aspects of Fusarium species

Galactomannans from the cell walls of species of Paecilomyces sect. Paecilomyces and their teleomorphs as immunotaxonomic markers

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