Human Satellite Progenitor Cells for Use in Myofascial Repair

Abstract

Current use of prosthetic meshes and implants for myofascial reconstruction has been associated with infectious complications, long-term failure, and dissatisfying cosmetic results. Our laboratory has developed a small animal model for ventral hernia repair, which uses progenitor cells isolated from a skeletal muscle biopsy. In the model, progenitor cells are expanded in vitro, seeded onto a nonimmunogenic, novel aligned scaffold of bovine collagen and placed into the defect as a living adjuvant to the innate repair mechanism. The purpose of the current investigation is to examine the feasibility of translating our current model to humans. As a necessary first step we present our study on the efficacy of isolating satellite cells from 9 human donor biopsies. We were able to successfully translate our progenitor cell isolation and culture protocols to a human model with some modifications. Specifically, we have isolated human satellite muscle cells, expanded them in culture, and manipulated these cells to differentiate into myotubes in vitro. Immunohistochemical analysis allowed the characterization of distinct progenitor cell cycle stages and quantification of approximate cell number. Furthermore, isolated cells were tracked via cytoplasmic nanocrystal labeling and observed using confocal microscopy.

Available In Vitro Models for Human Satellite Cells from Skeletal Muscle

“…The digestive enzyme used most for muscle dissociation is collagenase type II, alone [44][45][46][47] or in combination with other enzymes, such as dispase or trypsin, enzyme preparations that preserve cell surface antigens, compared to other mixes of proteases, and which are mandatory for further hSC purification [48][49][50][51][52].…”

Regenerative Surgery: Tissue Engineering in General Surgical Practice

“…One group utilized autologous skeletal muscle satellite stem cells seeded onto collagen tube scaffolds in a rat ventral hernia model and demonstrated cellularization, vascularization, and integration of the construct with the native tissue [22]. The same group has successfully isolated and expanded human muscle stem cells and demonstrated their differentiation potential in vitro [23]. Another group has employed both seeded and injected adipose-derived stem cells with acellular dermal matrices in a rat ventral hernia model [24].…”

“…Acellular dermal matrices Pig [20] Satellite stem cells on collagen tubes Rat [22] In vitro [23] Adipose stem cells on acellular dermal matrices Rat [24] Skin Apligraf-human neonatal fibroblasts on a bovine matrix with stratified foreskin keratinocytes…”