Human safety and genetically modified plants: a review of antibiotic resistance markers and future transformation selection technologies

Goldstein, Daniel A.; Tinland, Bruno; Gilbertson, Larry A.; Staub, Jeffrey M.; Bannon, Gary A.; Goodman, Richard E.; McCoy, R.L.; Silvanovich, Andre

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2005.02595.x

Cited by 87 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 123 publications

(227 reference statements)

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“…To this end, the SfiI fragment containing the plant selection marker has to be exchanged with the compatible markerless fragment of the binary vector B-BA (DNA Cloning Service). Furthermore, the vector series provides the potential to introduce alternative plant selection markers, such as the phospho-mannose-isomerase gene (Reed et al, 2001;Goldstein et al, 2005) or sequences for site-specific recombination-mediated marker deletion strategies (Cre/ loxP; Darbani et al, 2007) through the generation of respective SfiI-compatible plasmids.…”

Section: Interchangeability Of Plant Selection Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Set of Modular Binary Vectors for Transformation of Cereals

et al. 2007

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Genetic transformation of crop plants offers the possibility of testing hypotheses about the function of individual genes as well as the exploitation of transgenes for targeted trait improvement. However, in most cereals, this option has long been compromised by tedious and low-efficiency transformation protocols, as well as by the lack of versatile vector systems. After having adopted and further improved the protocols for Agrobacterium-mediated stable transformation of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and wheat (Triticum aestivum), we now present a versatile set of binary vectors for transgene overexpression, as well as for gene silencing by double-stranded RNA interference. The vector set is offered with a series of functionally validated promoters and allows for rapid integration of the desired genes or gene fragments by GATEWAY-based recombination. Additional in-built flexibility lies in the choice of plant selectable markers, cassette orientation, and simple integration of further promoters to drive specific expression of genes of interest. Functionality of the cereal vector set has been demonstrated by transient as well as stable transformation experiments for transgene overexpression, as well as for targeted gene silencing in barley.

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Section: Interchangeability Of Plant Selection Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Set of Modular Binary Vectors for Transformation of Cereals

et al. 2007

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“…Several commercial GMPs contain antibiotic resistance genes that are still under the control of bacterial promoters as remnants of the bacterial vectors used to construct the GMPs. These former bacterial genes could be transferred more easily than other plant genes to soil bacteria because of a high degree of homology facilitating recombination in potential bacterial recipients (11). This might be the case for the insect-protected Bt176 corn that confers protection against attack by Lepidopteran insects because of the production of a Bt toxin.…”

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confidence: 99%

Antibiotic-resistant soil bacteria in transgenic plant fields

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et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Understanding the prevalence and polymorphism of antibiotic resistance genes in soil bacteria and their potential to be transferred horizontally is required to evaluate the likelihood and ecological (and possibly clinical) consequences of the transfer of these genes from transgenic plants to soil bacteria. In this study, we combined culture-dependent and -independent approaches to study the prevalence and diversity of bla genes in soil bacteria and the potential impact that a 10-successive-year culture of the transgenic Bt176 corn, which has a blaTEM marker gene, could have had on the soil bacterial community. The bla gene encoding resistance to ampicillin belongs to the beta-lactam antibiotic family, which is widely used in medicine but is readily compromised by bacterial antibiotic resistance. Our results indicate that soil bacteria are naturally resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactam antibiotics, including the third cephalosporin generation, which has a slightly stronger discriminating effect on soil isolates than other cephalosporins. These high resistance levels for a wide range of antibiotics are partly due to the polymorphism of bla genes, which occur frequently among soil bacteria. The blaTEM116 gene of the transgenic corn Bt176 investigated here is among those frequently found, thus reducing any risk of introducing a new bacterial resistance trait from the transgenic material. In addition, no significant differences were observed in bacterial antibiotic-resistance levels between transgenic and nontransgenic corn fields, although the bacterial populations were different.antibiotic resistance ͉ GMO ͉ HGT

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“…Once plant transformation is completed, these marker genes can be eliminated. There are several reasons to produce marker-free plants (Hohn et al, 2001;Hare and Chua, 2002;Miki and McHugh, 2004;Goldstein et al, 2005): marker gene removal can prevent the movement of selectable markers within the environment, simplify the regulatory process and allow the reuse of the same marker. Different methods have been identified that enable marker gene removal: co-transformation (Komari et al, 1996), transposon-dependent repositioning (Goldsbrough et al, 1993), as well as homologous (Zubko et al, 2000) and site-specific recombination (Dale and Ow, 1991).…”

Section: Cre-mediated Excision Of Marker Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%