“…Often excluded from analytical consideration are the multitude of global norms and innovations that originate in the periphery and spread both to other countries in the periphery and globally through the initiatives of non-Western actors. Examples include anti-imperialism (Aminzade, 2013), various musical influences (Patterson, 1994), and the central but hitherto unacknowledged role of Latin American, Asian, and African actors in not just the creation, but also the diffusion of postwar norms and institutions such as universal human rights, sovereignty, international development, disarmament, universal participation, and more (Acharya, 2014;Finnemore & Jurkovich, 2014;Glendon, 2003;Helleiner, 2014;Limoncelli, 2017;Morsink, 1999;Sikkink, 2008Sikkink, , 2014Sikkink, , 2016Steinhipler, 2015;Wright-Carozza, 2003). Evidence also shows how actors in the periphery reconstruct global norms to fit prior local norms (Acharya, 2004;Appadurai, 1996) and create new norms/understandings out of existing global norms (Acharya, 2011;Finnemore, 1996).…”