Human Rhinovirus/Enterovirus in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Smith, Michele E.; Wilson, Patrick T.

doi:10.1055/s-0039-3400466

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Sapeder et al, in a retrospective cohort study carried out in Baltimore with 519 patients, showed a median age of 2.7 years (very similar to what we found in our group) for those hospitalized for RV / EV with severe infection [9]. In a study in New York with 155 children, Smith et al found a median age of 4 years [5].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Despite the fact that it has been considered to be a minor infection, the risk of developing ARDS was more frequent with the RV / EV complex than with RSV infection in our population. This is an important fact, and we must consider that children admitted to intensive care with RV / EV infection may have an unsatisfactory course and require more frequent and intense support than those with other viruses such as RSV [5]. Comorbidities such as prematurity, heart disease and inborn errors of metabolism may partially explain this evolution, but this implies that, in these risk groups, RV / EV infection cannot be considered to be a mild infection, and its possible complications must be taken into account [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A respiratory therapy specialist took samples from nasopharyngeal aspirates, and they were processed within 30 minutes of collection, according to the institutional standard for sample handling. The RT-PCR detects 17 viruses and 3 bacteria, speci cally: adenovirus, coronavirus OC43, coronavirus NL63, metapneumovirus, HRV / HEV, in uenza A, in uenza A / H1, in uenza A / H1-2009, in uenza A / H3, in uenza B, parain uenza 1, parain uenza 2, parain uenza 3, parain uenza 4, RSV, Bordetella pertussis, chlamydia and mycoplasma; with a sensitivity and speci city of 95% and 99%, respectively [5], and is currently the gold standard for detecting these microorganisms [6].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other viruses such as the rhinovirus / enterovirus complex (RV / EV) are thought to commonly cause uncomplicated acute upper respiratory infections that are usually self-limiting and have a benign course. It has recently been noted that this virus, from the genus Enterovirus and family Picornaviridae, can invade the lower respiratory tract and cause complicated disease in children [3]. Additionally, this virus has been associated with a higher frequency of bacterial coinfection and the presence of complicated pneumonia, and it accounts for up to 14% of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in children living in highincome countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of rhinovirus/enterovirus complex infection in children living at high altitudes: A cross sectional study

Jaime

Catalina

Obando

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Respiratory tract infections caused by the rhinovirus/enterovirus (RV/EV) complex have traditionally been considered to be minor, self-limited infections in children, with few complications. There are no previous studies of patients living at high altitudes that characterize severe cases of this infection.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including patients from 1 month to 18 years old who had been hospitalized for acute respiratory tract infections between October 2015 and December 2019, and had had a viral panel with RT-PCR during their hospitalization.Results: During the study period, 645 RT-PCRs were performed, with the two main etiological agents identified being RV/EV (224) and respiratory syncytial virus (68). The median age of patients with RV/EV complex was 27 months (IQR: 8-70), 55.8% were boys and the average length of hospital stay was 12 days (IQR: 6-24). Severe RV/EV complex infections required more transfers to intensive care (11% vs 47%), showed more viral coinfection (OR: 2.13,95%, 95%CI: 1.42-4.64) and had less bacterial coinfection (OR: 0.55, 95%CI: 0.31-0.98) than RSV infections, with no difference in mortality ( 2.4% vs. 2.1%, P:0.09). Post-transplant patients (OR: 3.35, 95%CI: 1.10-11.34) and those with comorbidities (OR: 3.97, 95%CI: 2.23-7.08) had the highest risk of RV/EV infection. The RV/EV group had a higher risk of presenting acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (OR: 3.6, 95%CI: 1.07-12:18), especially in premature infants (p: 0.05; exp (B), 2.99; 95%CI= 1.01-8.82), those with heart disease (p: 0.047; exp(B), 2.99; 95%CI = 1.01-8.82) and those with inborn errors of metabolism (p: 0.032; exp (B), 5-01; 95%CI= 1.15-21.81). Conclusions: Respiratory infection due to RV/EV in children who live at high altitudes can frequently be severe, requiring management with intensive care therapy. When compared to RSV, this complex is more frequently associated with viral coinfection and the development of ARDS, especially in risk groups such as those with prematurity, heart disease or inborn errors of metabolism. It is important to see RV / EV as a virus that can have an unsatisfactory course as or more severe than that of other viruses that affect the respiratory tract in children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Characterization of rhinovirus/enterovirus complex infection in children living at high altitudes: A cross sectional study

Jaime

Catalina

Obando

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Historical data for the incidence of PARDS in patients with respiratory failure and human metapneumovirus 2 , human rhinovirus/enterovirus 3…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with respiratory viruses

Baird

2021

The Journal of Pediatrics

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This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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Epidemiology of rhinovirus under the COVID‐19 pandemic in Guangzhou, China, 2020

Zeng

et al. 2022

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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Background To analyze the epidemic characteristics of the human rhinovirus (HRV) outbreaks in Guangzhou, China, in 2020. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the HRV‐related outbreaks in Guangzhou, 2020. Results Seventeen outbreaks were reported in 2020 during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic in Guangzhou, a total of 465 patients (290 males and 175 females) were enrolled, with a median age of 10. A total of 223 (47.96%) had been tested for HRV, 89 (39.91%) of which were positive; 344/465 (73.98%) had a fever, 138/465 (29.68%) had a runny nose, 139/465 (29.89%) had a sore throat, 86/465 (18.49%) had a cough, 41/465 (8.82%) had a headache, and 37/465 (7.96%) had a sneeze. Patients at age of 13–15 had the highest rate of sore throat and runny nose, patients aged 11–12 had the highest rate of sneezing, and patients at age of 12–14 had the highest rate of positive rate. Patients tested positive had a higher rate of fever ( χ 2 = 11.271, p = .001), cough ( χ 2 = 6.987, p = .008), runny nose ( χ 2 = 7.980, p = .005), and sneeze ( χ 2 = 4.676, p = .031). Conclusion The HRV was restored during the fighting of the COVID‐19 pandemic. The conventional COVID‐19 control measures were not effective enough in preventing rhinovirus. More appropriate control measures should be used to control HRV.

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Human Rhinovirus/Enterovirus in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Characterization of rhinovirus/enterovirus complex infection in children living at high altitudes: A cross sectional study

Characterization of rhinovirus/enterovirus complex infection in children living at high altitudes: A cross sectional study

Pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with respiratory viruses

Epidemiology of rhinovirus under the COVID‐19 pandemic in Guangzhou, China, 2020

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