Human rhinovirus 2: complete nucleotide sequence and proteolytic processing signals in the capsid protein region

Skern, Tim; Sommergruber, Wolfgang; Blaas, Dieter; Gruendler, Peter; Fraundorfer, Franz; Pieler, Christian; Fogy, Ingrid; Kuechler, Ernst

doi:10.1093/nar/13.6.2111

Cited by 178 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The availability of further HRV nucleotide sequences is important for several reasons. Firstly, comparisons between HRV-14 and HRV-2 showed a relatively low degree of homology, indeed a similar level to that seen between either virus and the polioviruses, members of the enterovirus genus of the family Picornaviridae (Skern et al, 1985). This indicated that the rhinovirus genus is relatively diverse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…This could have important implications for the design of synthetic, broadly reactive vaccines. Secondly, previous results have demonstrated a great deal of sequence conservation within the 5' noncoding region, indicating that this part of the genome has a vital function (Stanway et al, 1984a;Skern et al, 1985). The availability of other nucleotide sequences would facilitate the identification of important sequences within this region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…They are composed of an icosahedral capsid made up of 60 copies of each of four virus-coded proteins (VPI to VP4) enclosing a single-stranded RNA genome of about 7200 nucleotides (Stanway et al, 1984a;Callahan et al, 1985;Skern et al, 1985;Duechler et al, 1987;Rossmann et al, 1985). As in other picornaviruses, the RNA is of positive polarity, is polyadenylated at its 3' terminus and has a small protein, VPg, covalently attached to the 5' terminus (Ahlquist & Kaesberg, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The complete nucleotide sequences of the genomes of three rhinoviruses, HRV-14, HRV-2 and more recently HRV-89 have been determined (Stanway et al, 1984a;Callahan et al, 1985;Skern et al, 1985;Duechler et al, 1987). The availability of further HRV nucleotide sequences is important for several reasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Nucleotide Sequence of Human Rhinovirus 1B: Molecular Relationships within the Rhinovirus Genus

Hughes

North

Jellis

et al. 1988

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYWe have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of human rhinovirus 1B and made comparisons with other rhinoviruses. Extensive homology was found with serotypes 2 and 89 but the similarity to serotype 14 was considerably less. Rhinovirusspecific characteristics have been noted, in particular the length of the 5' non-coding region and the pattern of codon usage, and these may be sufficient to define the rhinoviruses as a distinct genus rather than being considered as members of the enteroviruses as has been suggested previously.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Nucleotide Sequence of Human Rhinovirus 1B: Molecular Relationships within the Rhinovirus Genus

Hughes

North

Jellis

et al. 1988

Journal of General Virology

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“…Mentioning only a selection of complete genome sequences published: among picornaviruses complete sequences were reported for hepatitis A virus and human rhinoviruses 2 and 14 (Najarian et al, 1985;Skern et al, 1985;Callahan et al, 1985). The latter is, of course, a necessary contributor to the X-ray crystallographic analysis described above.…”

Section: Structure and Organization Of Animal Virus Genomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Highlights of Animal Virus Research in 1985

McGeoch¹,

Halliburton²,

Meulen³

et al. 1986

Journal of General Virology

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For some time, the Editors of The Journal of General Virology have sought a format for presenting accounts of advances and notable events in virology, in a broader and more flexible manner than is afforded by the traditional review of a topic in depth. This article represents an experiment in such presentation. Its aim is to look at advances in virus research, and to present brief accounts of the most important and interesting work published within a calendar year. Subject to evaluation of the success of this first essay, an annual feature is envisaged.Implementation of these fine notions, however, has demanded some compromises. Virology comprises such an awesome range of techniques and objectives, with such a disparate assembly of virus types, that rigorous limits were necessary. Thus, we have confined our attention to animal viruses, and explicitly avoided any pretension to constructing a systematic review of all virology; the idea of selectivity was pre-eminent. In addition, this initial account has been very largely composed by one author, and so reflects one particular set of interests. Molecular and genome structural aspects are emphasized, and little overt attention is paid, for instance, to immunity and pathogenesis. The true high points of published research are relatively easy to identify, and their perception is probably not much affected by personal interests. The choice of lesser topics, however, is increasingly subjective; in particular, defining a cut-off point was not trivial. Our dealings are with 1985 as far as is practicable, but research advances do not really respect such clean divisions and so some flexibility has been exercised.Our final qualification concerns the nature of scientific advance: a 'highlight' is a phenomenon of a surface, and thus can exist only with an underlying structure. In our analogy, most research papers are considered part of this substratum. They also are an essential part (indeed, the major part) of overall advance, but their existence is only implicit in the present account.For this review, we consider that the major highlights of 1985 were analysis of the structures of two picornaviruses and research on the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and these are presented first. We then describe in succession selected aspects of work on genome organization, virus gene expression, genome replication and virus proteins, and finish with two topics at the edge of virology, namely, work on scrapie and on retrotransposons. The structures of two picornavirusesThe single and definitive high point of animal virus research in 1985 was the publication of two papers on X-ray crystallographic determination of the three-dimensional (3D) virion 0000-7094 © 1986 SGM

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Picornaviral processing: Some new ideas

Palmenberg

1987

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Mature picornaviral proteins are derived by progressive, post-translational cleavage of a giant precursor polyprotein. At least three viral-encoded proteolytic activities are involved in the processing. The first cleavage takes place while the polyprotein is still nascent on a ribosome. In poliovirus, this event is probably catalyzed by peptide 2A, a protein from the middle portion of the genome. Most subsequent processing is effected by viral protease 3C, a thiol-type enzyme, responsible for eight to ten self-cleaving and autocatalytic reactions within the polyprotein. The final proteolytic processing event, maturation of the VPO peptide, may occur by a novel, autocatalytic, serine-type mechanism, where viral RNA serves as proton-acceptor during the cleavage reaction.

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Human rhinovirus 2: complete nucleotide sequence and proteolytic processing signals in the capsid protein region

Cited by 178 publications

References 36 publications

The Nucleotide Sequence of Human Rhinovirus 1B: Molecular Relationships within the Rhinovirus Genus

The Nucleotide Sequence of Human Rhinovirus 1B: Molecular Relationships within the Rhinovirus Genus

Some Highlights of Animal Virus Research in 1985

Picornaviral processing: Some new ideas

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