The economic strength of a country or region is closely related to the use level of its human resources. China's economy has shifted from a high-speed development stage to a highquality development. To achieve high-quality economic development in China, human resource development is essential. Human resource development has special significance for China. By reviewing the concept of human resource development, human resource development in the context of high-quality development and other related research results, we can find that scholars have studied the connotation of human resource development from different perspectives, and research on human resource development strategies from the macro and medium levels. Some progress has also been made, and the theoretical system in the field of human resource development has been improved to a certain extent, but the research direction is not focused enough. Compared with the fast-developing practice of human resource development, theoretical research appears to be lagging. Combining literature review and China's national conditions, the following prospects are put forward for future research: By further expanding the connotation and theoretical framework of human resource development, introducing more effective measurement methods to improve the national and industrial human resource development strategy theory, and verifying that highquality development theories are in guidance at the macro and meso levels.