Human recombinant leukocyte interferon-? induces intracytoplasmic tubuloreticular structures and crystalline bodies in Kaposi's sarcoma cells in vivo

Autoimmune myositis—Mechanism and therapy development

“…Type I IFN induces tubuloreticular inclusions in cultured endothelial cells and disrupts the vascular network organization in in vitro endothelial cells. [33][34][35] Furthermore, immunohistochemistry for MxA and other type I IFN-induced proteins demonstrated their expression on capillaries. 7,9,30 Considering these studies, type I IFN may cause vascular damage.…”

“…Tubuloreticular inclusions are also observed in other autoimmune diseases in which type I IFN is regarded as important in the pathomechanism (eg, systemic lupus erythematosus). Type I IFN induces tubuloreticular inclusions in cultured endothelial cells and disrupts the vascular network organization in in vitro endothelial cells 33‐35 . Furthermore, immunohistochemistry for MxA and other type I IFN‐induced proteins demonstrated their expression on capillaries 7,9,30 .…”

“…33 Several reports demonstrated the clinical efficacy of JAK inhibitors for DM patients. [33][34][35] Some anti-MDA5 DM patients exhibit rapidly progressive ILD. As these are the most severe cases and mostly fatal, prompt initiation of intensive immunosuppressive therapy is required, including high-dose corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitor, and intravenous cyclophosphamide.…”

“…A study revealed that JAK inhibition regulated the DM features in an in vitro model 33 . Several reports demonstrated the clinical efficacy of JAK inhibitors for DM patients 33‐35 . Some anti‐MDA5 DM patients exhibit rapidly progressive ILD.…”