Human purified interleukin‐1 inhibits DNA synthesis and cell growth of osteoblastic cell line (MC3T3‐E1), but enhances alkaline phosphatase activity in the cells

Abstract

We examined the effects of human purified interleukin-1 (IL-l) on DNA synthesis, cell growth, and alkaline phosphatase activity in the osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-El under both preconfluent and confluent culture conditions. Addition of IL-l to the cells markedly inhibited their DNA synthesis and growth over the range l-10 U/ml. Such significant inhibitory effects were observed in cells cultivated in 1 or 5% fetal calf serum (FCS)-containing alpha modification Eagle's medium (alpha-MEM), but not in alpha-MEM containing 10% FCS. In contrast, alkaline phosphatase activity was enhanced significantly by IL-l in the cell line cultivated in 1% FCS-containing alpha-MEM. These results demonstrate that human purified IL-l is effective in inducing the differentiation of osteoblastic cell MC3T3-E 1.

Growth factors and cytokines in patients with long bone fractures and associated spinal cord injury

“…Intense inflammation after fracture may enhance bone healing. [21][22][23][24][25] The results of this current study confirm that bone healing is directed by the coordinated expression of many molecules, including growth factors and cytokines, which utilize signals to induce cellular and molecular stimuli to guide cellular commitment and differentiation in the proper spatial and temporal sequence.…”

“…Neurohormonal or neurohumoral mechanisms were also suggested. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Growth factors and cytokines are proteins that serve as signaling molecules for cells. They influence critical functions as cell division, matrix synthesis, and tissue differentiation.…”

“…The results of experimental studies have established that growth factors and cytokines play an important role in fracture healing and repair of musculoskeletal tissue. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] The objective of this prospective controlled study was to investigate the effect of spinal cord injury and concomitant long bone fractures on the serum level of growth factors and cytokines, rather than bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) growth factor.…”

Comparison of Osteogenic Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells and Primary Osteoblasts Revealed by Responses to IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ

“…In this study, we examine the responses of the cells to cytokines associated with inflammation, including interleukin-1b (IL-1b), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), and interferon-g (IFN-g). These proinflammatory cytokines are proteins that co-ordinate local and systemic inflammation and have in vitro effects on osteoblast proliferation, collagen synthesis, mineralization, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity [31][32][33][34][35]. Responses to proinflammatory environments can be measured by increased prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) and nitric oxide (NO), changes in cell viability, and expression of inducible enzymes [36,37].…”

“…Responses to proinflammatory environments can be measured by increased prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) and nitric oxide (NO), changes in cell viability, and expression of inducible enzymes [36,37]. The response of osteoblasts to proinflammatory cytokines has been investigated extensively [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38], whereas little work has been performed on ESC-derived osteogenic cells. The impact of inflammation in osteogenic differentiation may also be of some importance when producing a potential cell therapy.…”