Human polyomaviruses 10 and 11 in faecal samples from Brazilian children

Pinheiro, Mariana Santos; Mendes, Gabriella S.; Santos, Norma

doi:10.1007/s42770-019-00166-3

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Even the qualitative information obtained may be impacted by the amplification strategy used. Indeed, viruses other than the ones here described (e.g., HPyV3/KIPyV, HPyV10/MWPyV, and HPyV7) have been previously detected in wastewater and/or have been described to be excreted by the urinary or fecal route or due to skin peeling [44][45][46][47][48]. Therefore, their absence from our analysis may reflect (i) their absence, (ii) presence in low titer, or (iii) our inability to detect them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Human Polyomaviruses (HPyV) in Wastewater and Environmental Samples from the Lisbon Metropolitan Area: Detection and Genetic Characterization of Viral Structural Protein-Coding Sequences

et al. 2021

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Due to the lack of reliable epidemiological information regarding the geographic distribution and genetic diversity of human polyomaviruses (HPyV) in Portugal, we addressed these issues in this initial study by focusing on the Lisbon Metropolitan area, the most populated and culturally diverse hub in the country. The HPyV structural protein-coding sequence was partially amplified using two touch-down PCR multiplex protocols, starting from water samples, collected between 2018 and 2020, where viral genomes were detected.. The obtained results disclosed the frequent detection of HPyV1, HPyV2, HPyV5, and HPyV6 in 35.3% (n = 6), 29.4% (n = 5), 47.1% (n = 8) and 29.4% (n = 5), respectively, of the water samples analyzed. The sequences assigned to a given viral species did not segregate to a single genotype, this being especially true for HPyV2 for which five genotypes (including a putative new genotype 9) could be identified. The phylogenetic trees obtained for HPyV5 and HPyV6 had less resolving power than those obtained for HPyV1/HPyV2, but both viruses were shown to be genetically diverse. This analysis emphasizes the epidemiological helpfulness of these detection/genetic characterization studies in addition to being relevant tools for assessment of human waste contamination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Human Polyomaviruses (HPyV) in Wastewater and Environmental Samples from the Lisbon Metropolitan Area: Detection and Genetic Characterization of Viral Structural Protein-Coding Sequences

et al. 2021

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“…Although this HPyV has been detected in stool samples from children, there are no data supporting its association with pediatric gastroenteritis. At the same time, HPyV10 excretion in feces indicates that the fecal–oral transmission is one of the routes of MWPyV infection in humans ( 17 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another study, using an unbiased deep sequencing approach, identified MWPyV in stool samples from children affected by acute diarrhea ( 16 ). In addition, MWPyV has been detected in fecal material from Brazilian children, suggesting the fecal–oral transmission route for this virus ( 17 ). A prevalence of 18.4% has been reported for HPyV10 DNA detected in benign and malignant tonsil biopsies while absent in normal tissues ( 18 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of IgG antibodies against Malawi polyomavirus in patients with autoimmune diseases and lymphoproliferative disorders subjected to bone marrow transplantation

Nicol,

Mazzoni,

Iaquinta

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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IntroductionHuman polyomaviruses (HPyVs) cause persistent/latent infections in a large fraction of the population. HPyV infections may cause severe diseases in immunocompromised patients. Malawi polyomavirus (MWPyV) is the 10th discovered human polyomavirus (HPyV 10). MWPyV was found in stool samples of healthy children. So far, the few investigations carried out on HPyV 10 did not find an association with human disease.MethodsIn this study, to verify the putative association between MWPyV and human diseases, MWPyV seroprevalence was investigated in patients affected by i) lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) and ii) immune system disorders, i.e., autoimmune diseases (ADs), and in iii) healthy subjects. An indirect ELISA, employing virus-like particles (VLPs) to detect serum IgG antibodies against MWPyV/HPyV 10, was carried out. The study also revealed the prevalence of another polyomavirus, Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV).ResultsSera from patients with distinct autoimmune diseases (n = 44; mean age 20 years) had a prevalence of MWPyV antibodies of 68%, while in patients with lymphoproliferative disorders (n = 15; mean age 14 years), subjected to bone marrow transplantation, the prevalence was 47%. In healthy subjects (n = 66; mean age 13 years), the prevalence of MWPyV antibodies was 67%. Our immunological investigation indicates that MWPyV/HPyV 10 seroconversion occurs early in life and MWPyV/HPyV 10 appears to be another polyomavirus ubiquitous in the human population. A significantly lower MWPyV antibody reactivity together with a lower immunological profile was detected in the sera of LPD patients compared with HS2 (*p < 0.05) (Fisher’s exact test). LPD and AD patients have a similar MCPyV seroprevalence compared with healthy subjects.DiscussionMWPyV seroprevalence indicates that this HPyV is not associated with lymphoproliferative and autoimmune diseases. However, the ability to produce high levels of antibodies against MWPyV appears to be impaired in patients with lymphoproliferative disorders. Immunological investigations indicate that MWPyV seroconversion occurs early in life. MCPyV appears to be a ubiquitous polyomavirus, like other HPyVs, in the human population.

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“…This indicates that the skin is only transiently infected and does not represent a permanent viral reservoir of HPyV10. HPyV10/MWPyV has been found in respiratory specimens, in 18.4% of tonsil cancer samples and in 5–7% of stool specimens from children and adults ( Rockett et al, 2013 ; Herberhold et al, 2017 ; Pinheiro et al, 2020 ). The relatively high overall seroprevalence of STLPyV (64.8%) compared to the low DNA prevalence and persistence rate detected in our study also suggests sites of infection other than the skin, particularly the gut ( Lim et al, 2013 ; Kamminga et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural History of Cutaneous Human Polyomavirus Infection in Healthy Individuals

et al. 2021

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Several human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) were recently discovered. Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) induces Merkel cell carcinoma. HPyV6, HPyV7, and TSPyV have been associated with rare skin lesions in immunosuppressed patients. HPyV9, HPyV10, and Saint Louis Polyomavirus (STLPyV) have not been convincingly associated with any disease. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the cutaneous prevalence, persistence and viral load of HPyVs in healthy individuals. Eight hundred seventy forehead and hand swabs were collected from 109 volunteers 4–6 weeks apart (collection period-1). Fifty-nine participants were available for follow-up a decade later (collection period-2). HPyV-DNA prevalence and viral loads of MCPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7, TSPyV, HPyV9, HPyV10, and STLPyV were determined by virus-specific real-time PCRs. Risk factors for HPyV prevalence, short- and long-term persistence were explored by logistic regression analyses. Baseline prevalence rates were similar for forehead and hand: MCPyV 67.9/67.0%, HPyV6 31.2/25.7%, HPyV7 13.8/11.0%, HPyV10 11.9/15.6%, STLPyV 7.3/8.3%, TSPyV 0.9/0.9%, and HPyV9 0.9/0.9%. Short-term persistence in period-1 was found in 59.6% (MCPyV), 23.9% (HPyV6), 10.1% (HPyV7), 6.4% (HPyV10), 5.5% (STLPyV), and 0% (TSPyV and HPyV9) on the forehead, with similar values for the hand. Long-term persistence for 9–12 years occurred only for MCPyV (forehead/hand 39.0%/44.1% of volunteers), HPyV6 (16.9%/11.9%), and HPyV7 (3.4%/5.1%). Individuals with short-term persistence had significantly higher viral loads at baseline compared to those with transient DNA-positivity (p < 0.001 for MCPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7, and HPyV10, respectively). This was also true for median viral loads in period-1 of MCPyV, HPyV6, and HPyV7 of volunteers with long-term persistence. Multiplicity (two or more different HPyVs) was a risk factor for prevalence and persistence for most HPyVs. Further risk factors were older age for HPyV6 and male sex for MCPyV on the forehead. Smoking was not a risk factor. In contrast to MCPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7, and rarely STLPyV, polyomaviruses TSPyV, HPyV9, and HPyV10 do not seem to be long-term constituents of the human skin virome of healthy individuals. Furthermore, this study showed that higher viral loads are associated with both short- and long-term persistence of HPyVs on the skin. HPyV multiplicity is a risk factor for prevalence, short-term and/or long-term persistence of MCPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7, and HPyV10.

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Human polyomaviruses 10 and 11 in faecal samples from Brazilian children

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Human Polyomaviruses (HPyV) in Wastewater and Environmental Samples from the Lisbon Metropolitan Area: Detection and Genetic Characterization of Viral Structural Protein-Coding Sequences

Human Polyomaviruses (HPyV) in Wastewater and Environmental Samples from the Lisbon Metropolitan Area: Detection and Genetic Characterization of Viral Structural Protein-Coding Sequences

Prevalence of IgG antibodies against Malawi polyomavirus in patients with autoimmune diseases and lymphoproliferative disorders subjected to bone marrow transplantation

Natural History of Cutaneous Human Polyomavirus Infection in Healthy Individuals

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