Human poly- and cross-reactive anti-viral antibodies and their impact on protection and pathology

Warter, Lucile; Appanna, Ramapraba; Fink, Katja

doi:10.1007/s12026-012-8268-8

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…In general, Ab–Ag interactions are extremely specific, and the large Ag‐receptor repertories are due to variation in the amino acid sequence at the Ag‐binding site . However, a few Abs can also bind more than one Ag specifically . Antibody G2 seems to be in this category.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This phenomenon is called multispecificity, polyspecificity, multireactivity, or polyreactivity. It is suggested that multispecificity helps to increase the diversity of Ab repertoire, confer an advantage to pathogen‐specific antibodies, and have advantages for therapeutic application . The affinity of polyreactive Abs for their different ligands is generally lower ( K D = 10 −3 −10 −7 M ) than that of monoreactive Abs for their cognate ligand ( K D = 10 −7 −10 −11 M ) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification and characterization of a multispecific monoclonal antibody G2 against chicken prion protein

et al. 2014

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We previously generated a monoclonal antibody (mAb), G2, by immunizing mice with Residues 174-247 of the chicken prion protein (ChPrP C ). In this study, we found that G2 possessed an extremely unusual characteristic for a mAb; in particular, it could react with at least three proteins other than ChPrP C , the original antigenic protein. We immunoscreened a complementary DNA library from chicken brain DNA and found three proteins (SEPT3, ATP6V1C1, and C6H10orf76) that reacts with G2. There were no regions of amino acid sequence similarity between ChPrP C and SEPT3, ATP6V1C1, or C6H10orf76. We selected ATP6V1C1 as a representative of the three proteins and identified the epitope within ATP6V1C1 that reacts with G2. The amino acid sequence of the G2 epitope within ATP6V1C1 (Pep8) was not related to the G2 epitope within ChPrP C (Pep18mer). However, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments indicated that these two peptides have similar binding affinity for G2. The apparent K D values of Pep18mer and Pep8 obtained from SPR experiments were 2.9 3 10 28 and 1.6 3 10 28 M, respectively. Antibody inhibition test using each peptide indicated that the binding sites of the two different peptides overlapped each other. We observed that these two peptides substantially differed in several binding characteristics. Based on the SPR experiments, the association and dissociation rate constants of Pep18mer were higher than those of Pep8.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and characterization of a multispecific monoclonal antibody G2 against chicken prion protein

et al. 2014

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“…The overexpression of terminally differentiated B cells in the peripheral blood of HIV-viremic individuals was later confirmed by DNA microarray as well as phenotypic analyses (18). In this regard, the majority of terminally differentiated B cells that circulate in the blood in both HIV disease and other conditions are likely to be plasmablasts, because the majority express the cell-cycling marker Ki-67 and the pan B-cell marker CD19 and are negative for CD138, the most widely expressed marker on tissue-derived plasma cells (43,44). It should be noted that this profile is common among both completely differentiated plasma cells and the somewhat less differentiated and still proliferating plasmablasts.…”

Section: Alterations In Terminally Differentiating B Cellsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Insights into B cells and HIV‐specific B‐cell responses in HIV‐infected individuals

Moir

Fauci

2013

Immunological Reviews

128

160

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease is associated with dysregulation and dysfunction involving all major lymphocyte populations, including B cells. Such perturbations occur early in the course of infection and are driven in large part by immune activation resulting from ongoing HIV replication leading to bystander effects on B cells. While most of the knowledge regarding immune cell abnormalities in HIV-infected individuals has been gained from studies conducted on the peripheral blood, it is clear that the virus is most active and most damaging in lymphoid tissues. Here, we discuss B-cell perturbations in HIV-infected individuals, focusing on the skewing of B-cell subsets that circulate in the peripheral blood and their counterparts that reside in lymphoid tissues. This review also highlights recent advances in evaluating HIV-specific B-cell responses both in the memory B-cell compartment, as well as in circulating antibody-secreting plasmablasts and the more differentiated plasma cells residing in tissues. Finally, we consider how knowledge gained by investigating B cells in HIV-infected individuals may help inform the development of an effective antibody-based HIV vaccine.

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“…Despite the beneficial neutralization effects, in certain viral infectious diseases such as dengue, the binding of polyreactive Abs to the virion may promote infection by facilitating entry into the target cells (62). Moreover, one study demonstrated that polyreactive Abs that arise as result of HIV infection have the ability to initiate cytotoxic reactions against T lymphocytes (72).…”

Section: Polyreactive Abs In Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody Polyreactivity in Health and Disease: Statu Variabilis

Dimitrov

Planchais

Roumenina

et al. 2013

The Journal of Immunology

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An Ab molecule or a BCR that is able to bind multiple structurally unrelated Ags is defined as polyreactive. Polyreactive Abs and BCRs constitute an important part of immune repertoires under physiological conditions and may play essential roles in immune defense and in the maintenance of immune homeostasis. In this review, we integrate and discuss different findings that reveal the indispensable role of Ag-binding polyreactivity in the immune system. First, we describe the functional and molecular characteristics of polyreactive Abs. The following part of the review concentrates on the biological roles attributed to polyreactive Abs and to polyreactive BCRs. Finally, we discuss recent studies that link Ig polyreactivity with distinct pathological conditions.

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Human poly- and cross-reactive anti-viral antibodies and their impact on protection and pathology

Cited by 21 publications

References 126 publications

Identification and characterization of a multispecific monoclonal antibody G2 against chicken prion protein

Identification and characterization of a multispecific monoclonal antibody G2 against chicken prion protein

Insights into B cells and HIV‐specific B‐cell responses in HIV‐infected individuals

Antibody Polyreactivity in Health and Disease: Statu Variabilis

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