Human platelet antigen polymorphisms (HPA-1, -2, -3, -4, -5 and -15) in major ethnic groups of Pakistan

Abstract

There is a need to establish donor registries typed for HPA in the transfusion centres of the country.

Simultaneous genotyping of human platelet alloantigen‐1 to 28bw systems by multiplex polymerase chain reaction sequence‐based typing

“…Therefore, some primer pairs for these HPA-bw alleles may need to confirm by the standard samples with -bw alleles in the future. The distribution of HPA genotypes is geographically and ethnically restricted and the genotype frequencies of the HPA-1 to -21w in the different populations were previously reported [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. In this study, the frequencies of the genotypes and alleles of the 28 HPA systems in the Chinese Han population were obtained.…”

“…The distribution of HPA genotypes is geographically and ethnically restricted and the genotype frequencies of the HPA‐1 to ‐21w in the different populations were previously reported . In this study, the frequencies of the genotypes and alleles of the 28 HPA systems in the Chinese Han population were obtained.…”

The importance of platelet antigens and antibodies in immune‐mediated thrombocytopenia

“…Presently, we have a WP also established in Asia, but other continents also need to share this development. n 1a 1b 2a 2b 3a 3b 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 15a 15b Chinese Han [32] 1000 0Á994 0Á006 0Á951 0Á049 0Á597 0Á406 0Á955 0Á005 0Á986 0Á014 0Á986 0Á014 0Á532 0Á468 Chinese Cantonese [33] 200 0Á995 0Á005 0Á963 0Á037 0Á543 0Á457 0Á995 0Á005 0Á990 0Á010 0Á970 0Á030 0Á403 0Á597 Indonesia [34] 500 0Á970 0Á030 0Á940 0Á060 0Á520 0Á480 0Á950 0Á050 0Á970 0Á030 0Á950 0Á050 0Á510 0Á490 Indonesia [35] 107 0Á991 0Á009 0Á939 0Á061 0Á505 0Á495 1Á000 0Á000 0Á995 0Á005 0Á967 0Á033 --Japan [36] 73 0Á998 0Á020 0Á900 0Á100 0Á718 0Á282 0Á989 0Á011 0Á973 0Á027 0Á973 0Á027 -- [38] 200 0Á988 0Á012 0Á923 0Á077 0Á555 0Á445 0Á990 0Á010 0Á978 0Á022 0Á980 0Á020 --Malaysia [39] 200 0Á975 0Á025 0Á963 0Á037 0Á503 0Á497 0Á995 0Á005 0Á950 0Á050 0Á993 0Á007 0Á515 0Á485 Taiwan [40] 998 0Á995 0Á045 0Á965 0Á035 0Á558 0Á442 0Á997 0Á025 0Á985 0Á015 0Á978 0Á022 0Á537 0Á463 Taiwan [41] 300 0Á997 0Á003 0Á960 0Á040 0Á757 0Á425 0Á998 0Á002 0Á985 0Á015 0Á963 0Á037 0Á538 0Á462 Thai [42] 500 0Á985 0Á015 0Á952 0Á048 0Á560 0Á440 1Á000 0Á000 0Á968 0Á032 0Á986 0Á014 0Á491 0Á509 Northern Thai [43] 300 1Á000 0Á057 0Á997 0Á123 0Á780 0Á713 1Á000 0Á000 1Á000 0Á073 1Á000 0Á030 --Vietnam [44] 120 0Á986 0Á014 0Á953 0Á047 0Á486 0Á514 1Á000 0Á000 0Á972 0Á028 0Á986 0Á014 0Á477 0Á523 Turk [45] 117 0Á863 0Á137 0Á868 0Á133 0Á607 0Á393 0Á996 0Á004 0Á893 0Á107 --0Á474 0Á256 Pakistan [46] 593 0Á885 0Á115 0Á920 0Á080 0Á690 0Á310 1Á000 0Á000 0Á900 0Á100 --0Á590 0Á410 Tunisia [47] 116 0Á780 0Á220 0Á860 0Á140 0Á750 0Á250 1Á000 0Á000 0Á800 0Á200 1Á000 0Á000 0Á510 0Á490 UK [48] 134 0Á844 0Á160 0Á925 0Á075 0Á627 0Á373 1Á000 0Á000 0Á914 0Á086 1Á000 0Á000 0Á524 0Á476 Germany [45] 119 0Á798 0Á202 0Á908 0Á092 0Á567 0Á432 1Á000 0Á000 0Á916 0Á084 --0Á517 0Á483 Macedonia [49] 122 0Á865 0Á135 0Á852 0Á148 0Á578 0Á422 --0Á909 0Á091 ----…”

“…Ethnical variabilities of HPA frequency distribution As described above, the HPA systems involved in NAIT vary between Caucasian and Japanese, the HPA-1 system being predominant in the former and the HPA-4 system in the latter. As shown in Table 2 [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49], presently, there are reports on the frequency distribution of HPAs from different Asian countries, and although differences exist, it seems that the HPA-1 system, like in Japan, is not important in the majority of them. On the other hand, the HPA-4 system, which is important in Japan, is also relevant in South Korea and possibly Indonesia (2 contradictory reports), but not in the other countries.…”

The human platelet alloantigen profile in blood donors from Amazonas, Brazil

“…The genotype and allele frequencies were estimated by direct counting, and the results were compared with the values published for blood donors and/or healthy individuals worldwide (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ipd/hpa/freqs_1.html). A 2 test or Fisher's exact test was performed to individually compare the allele frequencies of each HPA polymorphic system between the Amazonas blood donors and the data reported for 38 population groups worldwide (Muniz-Diaz et al, 1993;Santoso et al, 1993;Holensteiner et al, 1995;Kekomaki et al, 1995;Kim et al, 1995;Tanaka et al, 1995;Steffensen et al, 1996;Carlsson et al, 1997;Merieux et al, 1997;Drzewek et al, 1998;Seo et al, 1998;Castro et al, 1999;Korinkova et al, 1999;Mojaat et al, 1999;Rozman et al, 1999;Sellers et al, 1999;Mazzucco et al, 2000;Nogues et al, 2000;Bennett et al, 2002;Ferrer et al, 2002;Boehlen et al, 2003;Jones et al, 2003;Randen et al, 2003;Shih et al, 2003;Halle et al, 2004Halle et al, , 2005Kulkarni et al, 2005;Feng et al, 2006;Pavkovic et al, 2006;De La Vega Elena et al, 2008;Bhatti et al, 2010;Pavic et al, 2010;Tan et al, 2012;Conti et al, 2014). A hierarchical classification of all analysed populations was carried out based on a allele frequencies from five HPA polymorphic systems using Cluster 3·0 and Java Tree View software packages (Eisen Lab, University of California, Berkeley).…”