Human peroxiredoxin 5 gene organization, initial characterization of its promoter and identification of alternative forms of mRNA

Cloning, genomic structure, and expression analysis of peroxiredoxin V from bay scallop Argopecten irradians

“…Moreover, the length of the corresponding protein-coding exons are also conserved in bay scallop, as coding region in exons 2, 3, 4, and 6 are of the exact same sizes as those in chordate PrxVs. A previous study on exon/intron structures of PrxVs from humans and mice revealed that amino acids interrupted by introns are highly preserved [28]. Our result shows that the amino acids around splice junctions are highly conserved in the all PrxV genes compared, including those in D. melanogaster PrxV.…”

“…Cloning of the 5 0 flanking region of Ai-PrxV revealed several features in common with the corresponding region of PrxV from human, which lacks TATA and CAAT boxes [28]. In fact, 5 0 flanking regions of many housekeeping genes lack TATA and CAAT boxes and have multiple transcription start sites [31].…”

The role of peroxiredoxins in cancer

“…It is constitutively expressed at a high level in different mammalian cell lines and normal tissues, but the specific transcription factors involved in the regulation of its expression have not yet been completely identified. It is known that transcription factors such as AP-1, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), antioxidant response element (ARE), insulin response element (InRE), glucocorticoid response element (GRE) (123), and also c-Myc (124), may directly modulate PRDX5 expression by interacting with putative responsive elements in the 5′-flanking region of the gene. Other transcription factors, such as nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1) and nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF-2; GABPA), involved in the response of mammalian cells to oxidative stress and in the biogenesis of mitochondria, are also able to modulate PRDX5 expression in an indirect way (123,125).…”

GATA-binding protein 1 is a novel transcription regulator of peroxiredoxin 5 in human breast cancer cells

“…Crystal structure studies and site-directed mutagenesis of human Prx5 suggested the functional importance of two cysteines (Cys47 and Cys151) as well as the role of Prx5 as an antioxidant (2,13). Human Prx5 gene organization as well as its promoter have been studied (14) and the expression of Prx5 in concert with Prx1 is regulated by interaction between the Ets transcription factor and high mobility protein group B1 in prostate cancer cells (15). However, the promoter-driven regulatory mechanisms of Prx5 gene and endogenous factors that modulate Prx5 gene expression remain unclear.…”

“…Prx5 is found in various cell compartments including the cytosol as well as the major intracellular sources of ROS, namely mitochondria and peroxisomes, suggesting that it may have an important role as a signaling molecule and antioxidant in organelles (14). The biological roles of Prx5 have been defined by its ability to prevent p53-induced apoptosis (3), inhibit various types of DNA damage (16,17), and suppress TNF-α-mediated accumulation of H 2 O 2 (2).…”