Human Perinatal‐Derived Biomaterials

Abstract

Human perinatal tissues have been used for over a century as allogeneic biomaterials. Due to their advantageous properties including angiogenecity, anti-inflammation, anti-microbial, and immune privilege, these tissues are being utilized for novel applications across wide-ranging medical disciplines. Given continued clinical success, increased adoption of perinatal tissues as a disruptive technology platform has allowed for significant penetration into the multi-billion dollar biologics market. Here, we review current progress and future applications of perinatal biomaterials, as well as associated regulatory issues.

Therapeutic Potential of “Exosomes Derived Multiple Allogeneic Proteins Paracrine Signaling: Exosomes d-MAPPS” is Based on the Effects of Exosomes, Immunosuppressive and Trophic Factors

“…Ethical concerns related to the derivation of PL-MSCs should be disregarded by the fact that placental tissues are normally considered medical waste and can be recovered without harm to the donor or fetus (27). Bearing in mind the simplicity of the harvesting procedure for isolation of PL-MSCs and their huge therapeutic potential (28,29), we recently developed: "Exosomes Derived Multiple Allogeneic Proteins Paracrine Signaling, Exosomes d-MAPPS", biological product which activity is based on placental derived biomaterials, growth factors, and immunomodulatory cytokines capable to attenuate inflammation and to promote regeneration of injured tissues.…”

Sequential adaptation of perfusion and transport conditions significantly improves vascular construct recellularization and biomechanics

“…* indicates significant differences between SF-Hypo45 and SF-Normo45 (p < .05) decellularization techniques have been developed that allow for removal of immunogenic cellular materials while preserving the nonimmunogenic ECM architecture and bioactive factors (Damodaran & Vermette, 2018;Gilpin & Yang, 2017;Porzionato et al, 2018). Scaffolds extracted from xenogeneic organisms and also from human origin have thus emerged and have become a therapeutic actuality opening up the opportunity for full allogeneic graft development (M. C. Moore et al, 2017). Among the human sources, the placenta as well as the human umbilical vein and arteries have, for example, been assessed as scaffolds for vascular regeneration.…”

“…These cells are at the interface between the mother and the child and, as such, have increased immunocompatibility, can be easily harvested, matched to the patient and, more interestingly, are already differentiated in the cell type needed (M. C. Moore, Van De Walle, Chang, Juran, & McFetridge, ). For the scaffold choice, among the various possible approaches, ex vivo ‐ derived materials such as decellularized vessels have the structural and mechanical advantage of being composed of a native extracellular matrix (ECM) and possess bioactive molecules that aid tissue homeostasis and regeneration (Bejleri & Davis, ; Chen & Liu, ; M. C. Moore et al, ). Indeed, positive cell interactions with a structurally appropriate ECM aid and guide the regenerative response (Dahan et al, ; Uzarski, Van De Walle, & McFetridge, ; Xu et al, ).…”

Human placenta‐derived matrix with cancellous autograft and demineralized bone matrix for large segmental long‐bone defects in two dogs with septic nonunion

“…15 Proteins associated with osteogenesis, including osteoclast-stimulating factor 1, bone marrow proteoglycan, and BMP-1 are constituents of hPM and may have directly exerted their effects on the transplanted progenitor cells and osteoblasts. 11,16 The rationale for hPM dosing with respect to route, concentration, volume, and timing in these pilot cases was based on clinically tangible features rather than known biologic responses to different delivery regimes. In both cases, hPM was delivered undiluted and by bolus local injection.…”

“…11 The excellent tolerance of hPM in other species is not surprising because it is acellular and because placental biomaterials are known to lack or exhibit a reduced expression of antigens. 16 It is important to note that these anecdotal reports do not provide evidence of safety, which requires studying a broader population of animals for a longer time.…”