Human papillomavirus vaccination uptake and its associated factors among adolescent school girls in Ambo town, Oromia region, Ethiopia, 2020

Abstract

Background The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has offered a great promise to reduce the cervical cancer burden; its utilization (uptake) however has been lagging. However, the levels and factors associated with the uptake of the vaccine have not been well investigated, especially in the local context. Objective To assess the uptake of human papillomavirus vaccination and its associated factors among adolescent school girls in ambo town, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2020. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional quantitative study design supplemented with the qualitative inquiry was employed to assess Human Papillomavirus vaccination uptake and its associated factors among 422 adolescent school girls in Ambo town, central Ethiopia from December 1–30, 2020. The collected data were coded, entered, and cleaned by using Epi info 7.2.3 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to compute summary statistics and proportions. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with HPV vaccine uptake. Adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were used for the strength and directions of association. A P-value of < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. Qualitative findings have been analyzed with manual thematic analysis. Result The proportion of HPV vaccination uptake among school girls in this study was 44.4%. Hearing about HPV vaccine [AOR = 2.50, 95%CI: (1.045–5.959)], availability of awareness creation [AOR = 2.53, 95%CI: (1.507–4.258)], and favorable attitude [AOR = 2.049, 95%CI: (1.153–3.64)] were the key identified factors associated with vaccination uptake. In addition, poor perception, fear of side effects, and misunderstanding were among the major factors identified by qualitative findings. Conclusion There was low uptake of HPV vaccination among the school Adolescents in the study area. Availability of awareness creation programs, favorable attitude towards HPV vaccine, and hearing about HPV vaccine was significantly associated with the uptake of the HPV vaccination. Therefore, awareness creation and behavior change education are mandatory to scale up the vaccination.

Knowledge, attitude, and uptake of human papilloma virus vaccine and associated factors among female preparatory school students in Bahir Dar City, Amhara Region, Ethiopia

“…This is in line with research conducted in different parts of Ethiopia, including Ambo Town, Addis Ababa Town, and Gondar Town. [ 40 – 42 ].…”

Knowledge and attitude toward human papillomavirus vaccination and associated factors among adolescent school girls in Ambo town, Ethiopia, 2021: A multicenter cross‐sectional study

“…The questionnaire was prepared in the English language that was translated into Afaan Oromo and then translated back into English to check its consistency. The data collection tool has been adapted through a review of different pieces of literatures 3 and similar previous studies 9,11,16,24 . An eight‐part questionnaire was developed to assess sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge about CC, knowledge about HPV infection and vaccination, attitudes toward HPV vaccination, the presence of HPV vaccination advertisements, and source of information.…”

“…14 On the other hand, the acceptability of the HPV vaccine was affected largely due to unfavorable attitudes and beliefs toward the vaccine. 15,16 It was also shown that the reason for not being vaccinated was a delay, as well as a refusal based on the belief that vaccines were unnecessary. 17 These negative attitudes (hesitations) are not limited to those who refused vaccination but also to those who encourage others to refuse vaccination.…”

“…On the other hand, the acceptability of the HPV vaccine was affected largely due to unfavorable attitudes and beliefs toward the vaccine 15,16 . It was also shown that the reason for not being vaccinated was a delay, as well as a refusal based on the belief that vaccines were unnecessary 17 .…”

The association between HIV infection and precancerous cervical lesion. A systematic review and meta‐analysis of case–control studies

“…7 Given the low uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among eligible women in Ethiopia, early determination of the precancerous lesion forms the foundation for the prevention and control of this important disease. 8,9 Besides, the utilization of cervical cancer screening service is very low in Ethiopia. 10 Hence, investigating the determinants of precancerous cervical lesion is useful to tailor more focused screening programs.…”