“…Malignant lesions frequently contain HPV DNA integrated into the cellular genome with only a portion of the viral DNA present (Durst et al, 1985). Invariably, two viral genes, E6 and E7, are intact and expressed (Matsukura et al, 1986;Pater & Pater, 1985;Seedorf et al, 1987). It is well established that HPV-16 and HPV-18 can immortalize primary human cells, such as keratinocytes (Durst et al, 1987b;Kaur & McDougall, 1988;Woodworth et al, 1989) and fibroblasts (Pirisi et al, 1987;Watanabe et al, 1989).…”