Human papillomavirus-type distribution in South African women without cytological abnormalities: a peri-urban study

Aardt, M.C. Van; Dreyer, Greta; Richter, Karin Louise; Becker, Piet J.

doi:10.1080/20742835.2013.11441218

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The current study demonstrated the high HPV/HIV co-infection of 24.4%, with high hr-HPV prevalence across almost all age groups and more multiple hr-HPV infection in HIV-positive women than compared to HIV-negative women. These findings are consistent with previous studies reporting higher prevalence of HPV [9, 27, 30, 35] and higher frequency of infection with multiple HPV types among HIV infected women [30, 32, 36]. A number of risk factors for HPV infection among women have been demonstrated in previous studies, including having more than one partner, early sexual initiation, age and marital status.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These findings are consistent with previous studies reporting high HPV prevalence in the population of sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and Latin America [22–27]. A study done in South Africa demonstrated a hr-HPV prevalence of 44.9% among women without cytological abnormalities [27].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…HPV prevalence is highest among women <25 years old with a rapid fall among women in their 30s and 40s [27]. As highlighted in two large meta-analyses of HPV prevalence studies in LICs [4, 24], the prevalence of HPV and hr-HPV in both groups was highest among young women with a steady decline until the age group of 45–49.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of and Associated Risk Factors for High Risk Human Papillomavirus among Sexually Active Women, Swaziland

et al. 2017

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BackgroundHigh risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) infection and the dual burden of HIV remains a huge challenge in some low-income countries (LICs) such as Swaziland with limited or no data. We estimated the prevalence and investigated determinants of hr-HPV, including HIV infection among sexually active women in Swaziland.MethodsA total of 655 women aged between 15 and 49 years from five health facilities were randomly enrolled using a cross-sectional study design. Cervical cells were tested for hr-HPV types using GeneXpert HPV Assays.ResultsThe overall weighted hr-HPV prevalence was 46.2% (95%CI: 42.8–49.5). Of hr-HPV infected women, 12.4% (95%CI: 8.6–17.5) were HPV16-positive, 13.8% (95%CI:12.0–15.8) were positive for HPV18/45, 26.7% (95%CI: 24.2–29.3) for HPV31/33/35/52/58, 7.6% (95%CI: 7.6–11.9) for HPV51/59 and 11.0%, (95%CI: 7.9–15.3) for HPV39/56/66/68. Prevalence of hr-HPV decreased with increasing age. Overall HIV prevalence remained high (42.7%; 95%CI: 35.7–46.2). HIV infection was associated with hr-HPV infection (Adjusted OR = 4.9, 95%CI: 3.043–7.8, p<0.001). Overall hr-HPV/HIV co-infection was 24.4% (95%CI: 20.3–29.1) which was significantly higher among younger age groups (p<0.001). Prevalence of multiple group hr-HPV infection was significantly higher in HIV-positive versus -negative women (27.7% and 12.7% respectively, p<0.001). The presence, absence or unknown of history of STI with HIV did not appear to modify the relationship with hr-HPV (OR = 4.2, 95%CI: 2.6–7.1, OR = 4.6, 95%CI: 2.8–7.7, p<0.001, p<0.001 and OR = 4.1, 95%CI: 1.3–13.4, p<0.021 respectively).ConclusionThe prevalence of hr-HPV infection was high and significantly associated with HIV among sexually active women. Furthermore, the study has provided essential information about the HIV link with hr-HPV infections which may explain the high prevalence among HIV infected women. This can contribute to policy development and planning of prevention strategies incorporating HPV infection prevention especially among youth and HIV infected people.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Prevalence of and Associated Risk Factors for High Risk Human Papillomavirus among Sexually Active Women, Swaziland

et al. 2017

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“…The limitation is often the inability to identify the causal HPV type in samples with multiple infections, which are reported in 11.5% to 42.4% of HPV infected women [Clifford et al, ]. In South Africa, the prevalence of multiple infections ranges from 21.3% in normal cytology to 68% in abnormal cytology [Adler et al, ; Richter et al, ; Van Aardt et al, ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the study did not assess HPV viral load of the HPV type associated with the development of the lesion [Quint et al, ]. In South Africa, several studies have reported on multiple infections [Adler et al, ; Richter et al, ; Van Aardt et al, ] but data on quantitation of HPV types in multiple infections in women with cervical cancers is limited. This study investigated the use of qPCR assay for detection, genotyping and quantitation of multiple HPV infections in South African women with cervical squamous cell carcinoma, and further employed combined application of both qPCR and laser micro‐dissection to investigate HPV type possibly implicated in the pathogenesis of cervical lesion in a single case with multiple infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection, genotyping and quantitation of multiple hpv infections in south african women with cervical squamous cell carcinoma

et al. 2015

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In Africa, data is limited on quantitation of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in women with multiple infections. This study applied a real time PCR (qPCR) assay for detection, genotyping and quantitation of multiple HPV infections in 90 tissue blocks of South African women with cervical squamous cell carcinoma. One sample with multiple HPV types was subjected to laser micro-dissection and qPCR. Four samples were negative for β-globin and these were excluded from the analysis. The HPV DNA positivity rate was 93.0% (80/86). All 80 positives showed the presence of HR HPV types; HPV 68 was the only type negative in all the samples. Overall, HPV 16 was positive in most of the samples (88.8%), followed by HPV 56 (28.7%), HPV 18 (20.0%) and HPV 39 (18.7%). More than half of the samples (65.0%) had multiple infections. HPV 16 was present in majority of single (85.7%) and multiple infections (90.4%). HPV 16 showed higher viral loads in 70.3% of the HPV 16 co-infected samples. In one multiple infected sample laser micro-dissection and qPCR identified HPV 18 with higher viral load as the most likely cause of the invasive lesion. There is large number of multiple HPV infections in South African women with cervical squamous cell carcinoma. HPV 16 is the most frequently detected type and often presents with higher viral load, suggesting it could be responsible for pathogenesis of the lesions in the majority of cases.

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Laser micro-dissection and qPCR for identifying specific HPV types responsible for malignancy in penile lesions

Lebelo

Thys

Benoy³

et al. 2015

J. Med. Virol.

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The aim of the study was to identify specific human papillomavirus (HPV) type responsible for malignancy in penile tissue samples using laser micro-dissection and TaqMan quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The study was based on two pre-malignant and seven malignant penile tissue samples and laser micro-dissection was performed on all. Genotyping was performed on whole tissue sections and laser micro-dissection samples using qPCR. Two whole tissue section samples were HPV negative while seven were HPV positive. In four samples that were single HPV infections with whole tissue section PCR, identical HPV types were confirmed with laser micro-dissection PCR. Clearly confirming that the single HPV type detected is responsible for malignancy. In two samples that had multiple HPV infections with whole tissue section PCR, only one HPV type with the highest viral load was detected with laser micro-dissection PCR, suggesting that the HPV type with the highest viral load is most likely the cause of that particular lesion. HPV 11 and/or HPV 16 were the only types detected with laser micro-dissection PCR in these cases, compared to multiple HPV types (HPV 11, HPV 16, HPV 18, HPV 31, HPV 33, HPV 35, and HPV 39) initially detected with whole tissue section PCR. HPV 11 was associated with verrucous lesions while HPV 16 was associated with squamous cell carcinoma and PIN 3 lesions. This study confirms that laser micro-dissection and qPCR are essential tools in identifying the HPV types responsible for malignancy in penile lesions, particularly in samples with multiple infections.

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Human papillomavirus-type distribution in South African women without cytological abnormalities: a peri-urban study

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Prevalence of and Associated Risk Factors for High Risk Human Papillomavirus among Sexually Active Women, Swaziland

Prevalence of and Associated Risk Factors for High Risk Human Papillomavirus among Sexually Active Women, Swaziland

Detection, genotyping and quantitation of multiple hpv infections in south african women with cervical squamous cell carcinoma

Laser micro-dissection and qPCR for identifying specific HPV types responsible for malignancy in penile lesions

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