Human Papillomavirus Type Distribution Among Heterosexual Couples

Abstract

These results provide valuable information about HPV-type-specific concordance and demonstrate the complexity of transmission dynamics in heterosexual couples.

Reduced Prevalence of Vulvar HPV16/18 Infection Among Women Who Received the HPV16/18 Bivalent Vaccine: A Nested Analysis Within the Costa Rica Vaccine Trial

“…The strongest risk factor for vulvar HPV in our study and in a comparable study by Howell-Jones et al [17] was higher number of sexual partners, a finding in line with what is known for cervical HPV epidemiology. Age was another important risk factor for vulvar HPV infection: our point prevalence of vulvar HPV16 was highest among our youngest women (5.9% among 22-23 year olds compared to 1.9% among women ≥28 years old), which is comparable to previously reported prevalence estimates in the literature [12][13][14][15][16][17]. Thus, it appears that age-specific vulvar HPV prevalence parallels that of cervical HPV prevalence, which peaks shortly after sexual debut.…”

“…Thus, understanding the epidemiology of vulvar HPV infection provides an important framework for interpreting our vaccine efficacy results. There have been 6 studies published on the epidemiology of vulvar HPV infection in cancer-free women [12][13][14][15][16][17]. In our study of young women within the control arm, detection of vulvar HPV was relatively common and mirrored that of the cervix; overall prevalence of HPV among women approached 30%.…”

“…Likewise, perhaps due to the rarity of HPV-associated vulvar cancer, only 6 studies have been published on the epidemiology of vulvar HPV infection in cancer-free women [12][13][14][15][16][17] and only 1 study reported risk factors associated with high-risk HPV infection of the vulva [17]. To address the limited knowledge of vulvar VE as well as the epidemiology of vulvar HPV infection, we implemented a vulvar specimen collection at the final (year 4), randomized blinded study visit of the Costa Rica Vaccine Trial (CVT).…”

Genital Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Concordance in Heterosexual Couples

“…Type-specific positive concordance varies greatly, from a high of 41% to a low of 4%, among cross-sectional or case-control studies enrolling asymptomatic partners in heterosexual relationships [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]) and likely depends on study population, sampling methods, and HPV DNA detection techniques. For example, Burchell et al observed a concordance of 41% among 263 young couples in Montreal, Canada [3], while Parada et al reported a typespecific positive concordance of only 4% among 504 primarily rural couples recruited in Mexico [8].…”

The Immune Response Generated against HPV Infection in Men and Its Implications in the Diagnosis of Cancer

“…High-risk genotypes such as 16,18,31,33,35,39,45,51,52,56,58,59, and 66 are considered carcinogenic to human beings and correspond to the alpha 5, 6, 7, and 9 groups. Low-risk genotypes 6,11,40,42,44,54,61,70,72,81, and 89 cause skin warts, condyloma acuminata, and benign lesions and correspond to the alpha 1, 3, 4, 8, 10, and 11 groups [16,17].…”