Human Papillomavirus and Oropharyngeal Cancer

Tanaka, Takako; Alawi, Faizan

doi:10.1016/j.cden.2017.08.008

Cited by 70 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In humans, a sub-group of OSCC is associated with HR-HPV infection (5). In these tumors, HPV-16 E6 oncoprotein switches on immortalization pathways, among these telomerase activity (1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these tumors, telomerase activity contributes to cellular immortalization, playing a key role in neoplastic process and representing a marker of poor prognosis (3,4). A sub-group of hOSCCs, localized at oropharyngeal sites, are believed to be caused by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPVs) infection, particularly HPV type 16 (HPV-16) (5). HPV-16 may contribute to activation of telomerase through viral oncoprotein E6, which is able to enhance TERT expression and increase enzymatic activity by different mechanisms such as promoter activation or epigenetic or post-transcriptional regulation (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT) Expression, Telomerase Activity, and Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP)-1/-2/-9 in Feline Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines Associated With Felis catus Papillomavirus Type-2 Infection

et al. 2020

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Telomerase activity contributes to cell immortalization by avoiding telomere shortening at each cell division; indeed, its catalytic subunit telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) is overexpressed in many tumors, including human oral squamous cell carcinoma (hOSCC). In these tumors, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a group of zinc-dependent endopeptidases involved in cell migration, contribute to invasive potential of cancer cells. A proportion of hOSCC is associated with infection by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPVs), whose E6 oncogene enhances TERT and MMPs expression, thus promoting cancer progression. Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (FOSCC) is a malignant tumor with highly invasive phenotype; however, studies on telomerase activity, TERT, and MMPs expression are scarce. In this study, we demonstrate telomerase activity, expression of TERT, and its transcriptional activator cMyc along with expression of MMP-1,-2, and-9 in FOSCC-derived cell lines SCCF2 and SCCF3, suggesting a contribution by these pathways in cell immortalization and invasion in these tumors. Recent studies suggest that a subgroup of FOSCC as well as SCCF2 and SCCF3 are associated with Felis catus PV type-2 (FcaPV-2) infection. However, in this work, FcaPV-2 E6 gene knock-down caused no shift in either TERT, cMyc, or MMPs levels, suggesting that, unlike its human counterpart, the viral oncogene plays no role in their regulation.

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“…In humans, a sub-group of OSCC is associated with HR-HPV infection (5). In these tumors, HPV-16 E6 oncoprotein switches on immortalization pathways, among these telomerase activity (1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT) Expression, Telomerase Activity, and Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP)-1/-2/-9 in Feline Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines Associated With Felis catus Papillomavirus Type-2 Infection

et al. 2020

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“…8 Oropharyngeal cancer is a subtype of HN-SCC, estimated to be associated with HPV infection in 70% of the cases, with higher prevalence in men, Caucasians, aged under 60, healthier individuals with no or little tobacco exposure and higher socioeconomic status. 9 It is estimated that 75% -100% of the HPV related cases are attributed to the genotypes present in the nonavalent vaccine, with HPV16 being responsible for 50% -92% of cases. 3 There is a direct relationship between the early onset of active sexual activity and the high number of partners, similar to what is observed in cervical cancer.…”

Section: Beyond Cervical Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 On the other hand, in relation to oral squamous cell carcinoma, tobacco and alcohol still are the major risk factors, responsible for more than 75% of cases, with only a small subset of less than 10% being associated with high-risk HPV. 8,9…”

Section: Beyond Cervical Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of Human Papillomavirus Infection. Beyond Cervical Cancer: A Brief Review

Medeiros¹,

Vaz²,

Rebelo³

et al. 2020

Acta Med Port

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Introduction: Human papillomavirus is responsible for almost all cases of cervical cancer, an important portion of anogenital and oropharyngeal invasive and preinvasive lesions, as well as genital warts (condyloma acuminatum) and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Currently, three prophylactic vaccines against high-risk Human papillomavirus are commercialized in many countries worldwide. Methods: To this non-systematic review the authors searched in MEDLINE/PubMed for systematic reviews, meta-analysis and randomized controlled trials, published in the last six years, using the terms “HPV”, “non-cervical cancer” and “vaccine”. Non-cervical cancers caused by human papillomavirus are less common lesions. However, its incidence has been increasing, while cervical cancer has declined, due mainly to highly effective screening programs. There are no formal screening programs for non-cervical cancers, so universal vaccination could have an important impact. The preventive effect of the vaccine is mainly studied and established in relation to cervical cancer, although it has also been demonstrated in the development of vulvar and vaginal lesions. To date, the efficacy in preventing anal and oropharyngeal diseases related with human papillomavirus is uncertain due to scarce supporting data and low vaccination coverage in men. The prevalence of injuries and subsequent absolute benefit of vaccination is lower in men, but it provides an additional benefit to the herd immunity achieved with the vaccination of women.Conclusion: The total fraction of malignant and pre-malignant lesions attributed to Human papillomavirus genotypes contained in the nonavalent vaccine is significant in both women and men, which turns this vaccine into a great asset in terms of Public Health.

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“…High-risk sexual behaviours, such as multiple sex partners and increased oral sex practices, also seem to be common in this group of patients. 5,11,12…”

Section: Viral Stis Human Papillomavirus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Transmission of Sexually Transmissable Infections: A Narrative Review

Queirós

Borges‐Costa

2019

Acta Med Port

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Over the last few decades, behavioral changes in sexual practices have made oral transmission of traditional sexually transmissible infections increasingly recognized. Patients harboring a sexually transmissible infection may first present lesions on the oral cavity, as these may be visible and interfere with basic functions such as speech or swallowing. Moreover, the oral cavity may function as a reservoir for future spread of these infections. In order to successfully control this problem, a greater focus on oral sex should be persued, along with promotion of the use of condom and education on safe oral sex practices. Furthermore, examination of the oral cavity should is essential when evaluating any patient suspected of harboring a sexually transmissible infection. In this article, oral transmission of several viral and bacterial infections is reviewed, including human papillomavirus infection, genital herpes, syphilis and gonorrhea, among others. RESUMOCom as alterações comportamentais nas práticas sexuais verificadas nas últimas décadas, a transmissão oral de infeções sexualmente transmissíveis tem vindo a ser progressivamente mais reconhecida. As lesões na cavidade oral podem ser visíveis ou interferir com funções básicas como a fala ou deglutição, sendo por isso o motivo de apresentação de muitos destes doentes. Além disso, a cavidade oral pode funcionar como um reservatório para a disseminação futura dessas infecções. Para um controlo adequado deste problema, deve ser prestada uma maior atenção às práticas de sexo oral, à promoção do uso do preservativo e à educação relativamente a práticas sexuais seguras. Por outro lado, o exame da cavidade oral deve ser parte integrante da avaliação de qualquer indivíduo com suspeita de uma infecção sexualmente transmissível. Neste artigo, a transmissão oral de várias infeções virais e bacterianas é revista, nomeadamente a infeção pelo vírus do papiloma humano, herpes genital, sífilis e gonorreia, entre outras. Palavras-chave: Comportamento Sexual; Doenças da Boca; Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis/transmissão

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Human Papillomavirus and Oropharyngeal Cancer

Cited by 70 publications

References 45 publications

Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT) Expression, Telomerase Activity, and Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP)-1/-2/-9 in Feline Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines Associated With Felis catus Papillomavirus Type-2 Infection

Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT) Expression, Telomerase Activity, and Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP)-1/-2/-9 in Feline Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines Associated With Felis catus Papillomavirus Type-2 Infection

Prevention of Human Papillomavirus Infection. Beyond Cervical Cancer: A Brief Review

Oral Transmission of Sexually Transmissable Infections: A Narrative Review

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