Human Papilloma Virus: Prevalence, distribution and predictive value to lymphatic metastasis in penile carcinoma

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence, distribution and association of HPV with histological pattern of worse prognosis of penile cancer, in order to evaluate its predictive value of inguinal metastasis, as well as evaluation of other previous reported prognostic factors. Material and Methods: Tumor samples of 82 patients with penile carcinoma were tested in order to establish the prevalence and distribution of genotypic HPV using PCR. HPV status was correlated to histopathological factors and the presence of inguinal mestastasis. The influence of several histological characteristics was also correlated to inguinal disease-free survival. Results: Follow-up varied from 1 to 71 months (median 22 months). HPV DNA was identified in 60.9% of sample, with higher prevalence of types 11 and 6 (64% and 32%, respectively). There was no significant correlation of the histological characteristics of worse prognosis of penile cancer with HPV status. Inguinal disease-free survival in 5 years did also not show HPV status influence (p = 0.45). The only independent pathologic factors of inguinal metastasis were: stage T ≥ T1b-T4 (p = 0.02), lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.04) and infiltrative invasion (p = 0.03). Conclusions: HPV status and distribution had shown no correlation with worse prognosis of histological aspects, or predictive value for lymphatic metastasis in penile carcinoma.

The role of histologic subtype, p16INK4a expression, and presence of human papillomavirus DNA in penile squamous cell carcinoma

“…These differences may be linked to interaction of HPV-derived oncoproteins with β-integrin localization and signalling [ 36 ]. For nodal or distant metastasis, there was no significant correlation with presence of HR-HPV DNA, p16 INK4a staining or histologic grade in our sample set; similar results have been previously described [ 37 ]. Furthermore, we detected no significant differences in cancer-specific survival with regard to histologic differentiation grade, or p16 INK4a positivity.…”

Prevalence of human papillomavirus in penile malignant tumors: viral genotyping and clinical aspects

“…As shown in Table 3, no association was found (p < 0.05) between infection with HPV virus and clinical and histopathological and clinical variables, as was the case in the research by Do et al [19], Fonseca et al [22] and Scheiner et al [14]. …”

“…Although the etiology is still unknown, approximately 40% of all penile tumors are related to HPV infection [22]. …”

Penile cancer: impact of age at diagnosis on morphology and prognosis

“…In the present series, the presence of cytological features suggestive of HPV infection had no impact on prognosis. Some previous studies are discordant on the possible impact of HPV infection on prognosis [13][14][15]. Survival curves also did not differ between different tumor subtypes.…”