Human pangenome supports analysis of complex genomic regions

Abstract

environmental fluctuations can perturb the experimental system.Two key technological developments enabled the success of Storz and colleagues' Bell experiment. By achieving a single-qubit readout of around 50 nanoseconds, much faster than the few hundred nanoseconds that define the multi-qubit state-of-the-art systems 12, 13 , the authors were able to reduce the required qubit separation to around 30 metres. Then, they developed a low-loss cryogenic waveguide of this size and integrated it with the qubits to reach a high-fidelity connected system.Photon-based implementations typically violate Bell's inequality by a small margin, but with a data-production rate high enough to show a statistically significant violation in a relatively short collection time. Matter-based implementations usually violate the inequality by a larger margin, but have low data-acquisition rates, making it difficult, or at least time consuming, to reach high statistical certainty. Storz and colleagues' set-up violates Bell's inequality by a higher margin than previous photon-based experiments, with a higher rate of data production than that obtained in previous matter-based experiments [8][9][10][11] .This Bell experiment sets a record for the longest separation between two entangled superconducting qubits, and is impressive because of its physical size and precision. Although the 50-nanosecond readout demonstrated here cannot readily be applied to multi-qubit quantum computers, it pushes this qubit technology to new limits. Similarly, although the super conducting-waveguide approach does not scale to arbitrary distances, it represents a path towards quantum-information transfer between superconducting-qubit chips, a technology that will be needed in a large-scale quantum computer. With the achievement of this foundational quantum milestone, and the technological advancements that enabled it, Storz et al. have expanded the superconducting-qubit toolbox and given further credibility to this promising platform.