Human organoid models to study SARS-CoV-2 infection

Han, Yuling; Yang, Liuliu; Lacko, Lauretta A.; Chen, Shuibing

doi:10.1038/s41592-022-01453-y

Cited by 85 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Aside from mechanistic findings, it has been proposed by Bose [89] that lung organoids originating from varying ethnicities can be used to understand the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 across the world. Further findings using organoids are also documented in numerous reviews [53,88,[90][91][92][93].…”

Section: Respiratory Organoidmentioning

confidence: 75%

3D Human Organoids: The Next “Viral” Model for the Molecular Basis of Infectious Diseases

2022

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The COVID-19 pandemic has driven the scientific community to adopt an efficient and reliable model that could keep up with the infectious disease arms race. Coinciding with the pandemic, three dimensional (3D) human organoids technology has also gained traction in the field of infectious disease. An in vitro construct that can closely resemble the in vivo organ, organoid technology could bridge the gap between the traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture and animal models. By harnessing the multi-lineage characteristic of the organoid that allows for the recapitulation of the organotypic structure and functions, 3D human organoids have emerged as an essential tool in the field of infectious disease research. In this review, we will be providing a comparison between conventional systems and organoid models. We will also be highlighting how organoids played a role in modelling common infectious diseases and molecular mechanisms behind the pathogenesis of causative agents. Additionally, we present the limitations associated with the current organoid models and innovative strategies that could resolve these shortcomings.

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Section: Respiratory Organoidmentioning

confidence: 75%

3D Human Organoids: The Next “Viral” Model for the Molecular Basis of Infectious Diseases

2022

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“…Two-dimensional in vitro models, over the years, have paved the road towards the understanding of C. trachomatis genital infection and outcomes. To date, alternative and more advanced platforms, like 3D cell cultures, that provide increased similarity to the in vivo physiology and pathology, have been helpful for investigating the complex pathogenetic mechanisms of other infectious pathogens, like SARS-CoV-2, and might also be fundamental for studying C. trachomatis genital infection, although their adoption is still at an early stage [ 55 , 56 , 71 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Better In Vitro Tools for Exploring Chlamydia trachomatis Pathogenesis

Filardo¹,

Pietro²,

Sessa³

2022

Life

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Currently, Chlamydia trachomatis still possesses a significant impact on public health, with more than 130 million new cases each year, alongside a high prevalence of asymptomatic infections (approximately 80% in women and 50% in men). C. trachomatis infection involves a wide range of different cell types, from cervical epithelial cells, testicular Sertoli cells to Synovial cells, leading to a broad spectrum of pathologies of varying severity both in women and in men. Several two-dimensional in vitro cellular models have been employed for investigating C. trachomatis host–cell interaction, although they present several limitations, such as the inability to mimic the complex and dynamically changing structure of in vivo human host-tissues. Here, we present a brief overview of the most cutting-edge three-dimensional cell-culture models that mimic the pathophysiology of in vivo human tissues and organs for better translating experimental findings into a clinical setting. Future perspectives in the field of C. trachomatis research are also provided.

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“…In the recent three years, the COVID-19 pandemic can not only cause damage to multiple important organs within the human body but also bring immeasurable economic losses to society. Current efforts to utilize organoids to study SARS-CoV-2 tropism to the whole body, particularly immune cell-mediated host damage, would accelerate drug discovery and vaccine development [ 12 ]. In the future, more and more novel techniques and concepts will be used for further development of organoids, including genome editing, immune, vascular organoids, organs-on-a-chip, 3D printing, single-cell multiomics analysis, genome-wide association studies, and deep machine learning.…”

Section: Current Challenges and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Engineered organoids could help build biological sample biobanks, construct disease models to study disease pathogenesis, be utilized for therapeutic drug screening, and could also be applied in regenerative medicine and organ repair [ 11 ]. For example, organoids could model the pathology of infectious diseases such as COVID-19, which could contribute to the development of better therapeutic modalities [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In summary, organoids have emerged in recent years as an outstanding in vitro model, not only for disease modelling but also for tissue engineering, drug toxicology, clinical immunity, and other fields [ 12 ]. One ultimate goal of organoid technology is to construct a bio-smart organoid, which can be well-integrated with native tissues to repair damaged organs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances of Engineered Hydrogel Organoids within the Stem Cell Field: A Systematic Review

Yue

Liu

et al. 2022

Gels

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Organoids are novel in vitro cell culture models that enable stem cells (including pluripotent stem cells and adult stem cells) to grow and undergo self-organization within a three-dimensional microenvironment during the process of differentiation into target tissues. Such miniature structures not only recapitulate the histological and genetic characteristics of organs in vivo, but also form tissues with the capacity for self-renewal and further differentiation. Recent advances in biomaterial technology, particularly hydrogels, have provided opportunities to improve organoid cultures; by closely integrating the mechanical and chemical properties of the extracellular matrix microenvironment, with novel synthetic materials and stem cell biology. This systematic review critically examines recent advances in various strategies and techniques utilized for stem-cell-derived organoid culture, with particular emphasis on the application potential of hydrogel technology in organoid culture. We hope this will give a better understanding of organoid cultures for modelling diseases and tissue engineering applications.

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Human organoid models to study SARS-CoV-2 infection

Cited by 85 publications

References 118 publications

3D Human Organoids: The Next “Viral” Model for the Molecular Basis of Infectious Diseases

3D Human Organoids: The Next “Viral” Model for the Molecular Basis of Infectious Diseases

Better In Vitro Tools for Exploring Chlamydia trachomatis Pathogenesis

Advances of Engineered Hydrogel Organoids within the Stem Cell Field: A Systematic Review

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